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<p>This study investigates the photodegradation of metoclopramide hydrochloride (MET) in alkaline conditions and in the presence of oxidative agents such as hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). The degradation process was analyzed using UV–VIS spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), Raman scattering, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetry, and mass spectrometry. Hydrolysis of MET in alkaline solutions led to the emergence of three isosbestic points at 242, 258, and 326&#xa0;nm in UV–VIS spectra, accompanied by a decrease in PL intensity at 363&#xa0;nm. These spectral changes are attributed to the formation of reaction products, specifically 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid sodium salt and 2-(diethylamino)-ethyl ammonium chloride. In contrast, MET interaction with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> resulted in a hypsochromic shift of the 270&#xa0;nm band to 260&#xa0;nm and a bathochromic shift of the 280&#xa0;nm band to 296&#xa0;nm, along with the appearance of a single isosbestic point at 314&#xa0;nm and a concurrent reduction in PL intensity around 365&#xa0;nm. Raman, FTIR, thermogravimetry, and mass spectrometry studies confirmed the generation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)-ethyl-hydroxylamine as degradation products.</p>

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Spectroscopic investigation of the photochemical transformations of metoclopramide hydrochloride in the presence of alkaline and oxidative conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月22日

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  • Radu Cercel,
  • Andreea Androne,
  • Cristina Bartha,
  • Catalin Negrila,
  • Mihaela Baibarac,
  • Stefano Bellucci

摘要

This study investigates the photodegradation of metoclopramide hydrochloride (MET) in alkaline conditions and in the presence of oxidative agents such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The degradation process was analyzed using UV–VIS spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL), Raman scattering, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetry, and mass spectrometry. Hydrolysis of MET in alkaline solutions led to the emergence of three isosbestic points at 242, 258, and 326 nm in UV–VIS spectra, accompanied by a decrease in PL intensity at 363 nm. These spectral changes are attributed to the formation of reaction products, specifically 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid sodium salt and 2-(diethylamino)-ethyl ammonium chloride. In contrast, MET interaction with H2O2 resulted in a hypsochromic shift of the 270 nm band to 260 nm and a bathochromic shift of the 280 nm band to 296 nm, along with the appearance of a single isosbestic point at 314 nm and a concurrent reduction in PL intensity around 365 nm. Raman, FTIR, thermogravimetry, and mass spectrometry studies confirmed the generation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)-ethyl-hydroxylamine as degradation products.