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<p>Consuming tomato-extracts can reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases. As lycopene supplementation alone had a weaker impact, the protective effect may be influenced by the colorless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene. To obtain more insights into the effect of tomato-extracts, the three carotenoids were separately investigated. UV-C-, UV-B- and UV-A-irradiated liposomes containing the antioxidants were analyzed with the thiobarbituric acid-assay coupled with HPLC-DAD, using malondialdehyde as biomarker for lipid oxidation. Antioxidant degradation through UV-irradiation was analyzed by HPLC-DAD. Phytoene had a similar protective effect of 27–34% under UV-C- and UV-B-radiation compared to lycopene. But under UV-A-radiation no effect was observed, and lycopene showed the highest effect. Phytofluene, only examined under UV-B- and UV-A-radiation, showed just pro-oxidative effects. After UV-B-radiation, 13% phytofluene were left, and it completely degraded under UV-A-radiation. Phytofluene’s instability in the presence of oxygen and its high ratio of cis-isomers might have led to these results. The protective effect of phytoene compared to lycopene is due to its higher absorption of UV-C- and UV-B-radiation. In contrast, lycopene maintains its effect under UV-C-radiation because of its high number of conjugated double bonds, whereby radicals are better resonance-stabilized.</p>

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Protective effects of colorless carotenoid precursors against UV-induced lipid oxidation in liposomes compared to lycopene

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Anna Heidrich,
  • Volker Böhm

摘要

Consuming tomato-extracts can reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases. As lycopene supplementation alone had a weaker impact, the protective effect may be influenced by the colorless carotenoids phytoene and phytofluene. To obtain more insights into the effect of tomato-extracts, the three carotenoids were separately investigated. UV-C-, UV-B- and UV-A-irradiated liposomes containing the antioxidants were analyzed with the thiobarbituric acid-assay coupled with HPLC-DAD, using malondialdehyde as biomarker for lipid oxidation. Antioxidant degradation through UV-irradiation was analyzed by HPLC-DAD. Phytoene had a similar protective effect of 27–34% under UV-C- and UV-B-radiation compared to lycopene. But under UV-A-radiation no effect was observed, and lycopene showed the highest effect. Phytofluene, only examined under UV-B- and UV-A-radiation, showed just pro-oxidative effects. After UV-B-radiation, 13% phytofluene were left, and it completely degraded under UV-A-radiation. Phytofluene’s instability in the presence of oxygen and its high ratio of cis-isomers might have led to these results. The protective effect of phytoene compared to lycopene is due to its higher absorption of UV-C- and UV-B-radiation. In contrast, lycopene maintains its effect under UV-C-radiation because of its high number of conjugated double bonds, whereby radicals are better resonance-stabilized.