The quality of artificial grasslands in alpine regions is controlled by crop photosynthesis under different fertilization conditions
摘要
The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau has abundant sunlight resources. Making rational use of this advantage can effectively increase the forage yield and nutrient accumulation of mixed grassland sown with gramineous and leguminous plants. External fertilization is a key measure to further enhance the productivity and quality of the mixed grassland. This study focused on the Avena sativa+Pisum sativum mixed sowing system and set up four treatment groups: single application of nitrogen fertilizer (A1), single application of phosphorus fertilizer (A2), nitrogen and phosphorus combined application (A3), and no fertilization control (CK). The study evaluated the effects of different fertilization treatments on the spectral indices and leaf morphology of the oat-pea mixed sowing leaves and their impact on forage quality. The results showed that under the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application treatment, the total chlorophyll content of oat plants was 15.14% higher than that of the CK; the soil-plant analysis development value was 26.44% higher than that of the CK, 17.05% higher than A1, and 26.85% higher than A2. In terms of leaf morphology, the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application significantly increased leaf area, while single application of nitrogen fertilizer made leaf length, leaf width, and perimeter higher than that of the CK. In terms of nutritional quality, the nitrogen and phosphorus combined application significantly increased total phosphorus, total nitrogen, crude protein, soluble sugar, and total carbon content, and simultaneously reduced neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber by 7.78% and 25.25%, respectively, compared to the CK. In summary, the combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly affected the spectral indices, morphology, and plant nutrient indicators of the leaves. This fertilization strategy and mixed sowing combination can be applied in the experimental area to further enhance the yield and quality of artificial grassland.