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<p><i>Delphinium brunonianum</i> Royle (<i>Ranunculaceae</i>) is medicinally important species that has a diverse phytochemical profile and pharmacological potential. This study aimed to investigate phytochemicals, green synthesis of nanoparticles, and in vitro biological activities of <i>Delphinium brunonianum</i> extracts. GC–MS study of <i>n</i>-hexane, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane extracts verified the existence of various bioactive phytochemicals. Green synthesis of Ag, Cu, Fe, and Zn nanoparticles was determined using UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FT-IR, and SEM. Biological analysis showed that ethyl acetate extract and Ag nanoparticles exhibited radical scavenging activity, showing 93.43% and 66.99% inhibition, respectively. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition was high in <i>n</i>-hexane extract with 57.56%, whereas lipase inhibition was predominant in Cu and Fe nanoparticles with 72.52% and 65.90% values, respectively. Inhibition of tyrosinase was high in Cu nanoparticles with a 78.18% value, but inhibitory effect of α-amylase was high in crude extract with 49.06%. Zone of inhibition of <i>n</i>-hexane extract was 21.66&#xa0;mm and Zn nanoparticles had 27.3&#xa0;mm in antibacterial and antifungal activities, respectively. The results suggest that <i>D. brunonianum</i> is a potential source of bioactive phytochemicals and an effective green matrix for the synthesis of nanoparticles to support its possible implication in medical-related fields in future.</p>

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Phytochemical profiling, green synthesis of Ag, Cu, Fe, and Zn nanoparticles, and in vitro biological activities of Delphinium brunonianum Royle

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月14日

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  • Sajjad Azam,
  • Amjad Hussain,
  • Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash,
  • Khayala Mammadova,
  • Saman Zahra,
  • Muhammad Imran,
  • Iftikhar Ali,
  • Ismayil Gafarov,
  • Abdur Rauf,
  • Mohamed AbdElrahman,
  • Nada H. Aljarba,
  • Alaa Ismail,
  • Katabathini Narasimharao,
  • Shagufta Kamal

摘要

Delphinium brunonianum Royle (Ranunculaceae) is medicinally important species that has a diverse phytochemical profile and pharmacological potential. This study aimed to investigate phytochemicals, green synthesis of nanoparticles, and in vitro biological activities of Delphinium brunonianum extracts. GC–MS study of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and dichloromethane extracts verified the existence of various bioactive phytochemicals. Green synthesis of Ag, Cu, Fe, and Zn nanoparticles was determined using UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FT-IR, and SEM. Biological analysis showed that ethyl acetate extract and Ag nanoparticles exhibited radical scavenging activity, showing 93.43% and 66.99% inhibition, respectively. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition was high in n-hexane extract with 57.56%, whereas lipase inhibition was predominant in Cu and Fe nanoparticles with 72.52% and 65.90% values, respectively. Inhibition of tyrosinase was high in Cu nanoparticles with a 78.18% value, but inhibitory effect of α-amylase was high in crude extract with 49.06%. Zone of inhibition of n-hexane extract was 21.66 mm and Zn nanoparticles had 27.3 mm in antibacterial and antifungal activities, respectively. The results suggest that D. brunonianum is a potential source of bioactive phytochemicals and an effective green matrix for the synthesis of nanoparticles to support its possible implication in medical-related fields in future.