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<p>Frequent engine stop-start cycles in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) exacerbate noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH), degrading driving comfort—a challenge intensified by growing HEV market share. The initial crank angle (ICA) critically influences restart smoothness, yet traditional control systems relying on crankshaft sensors suffer from low-speed signal unreliability and increased complexity. This study proposes a position-sensor-free stop-position control strategy utilizing only the speed signal. By leveraging the deterministic relationship between speed extrema during the compression stroke and top dead center (TDC), real-time TDC detection and crank angle estimation are achieved. A C¹-continuous quadratic speed trajectory is designed to meet boundary conditions for final speed, acceleration and target position, integrating feedforward torque compensation and gain-scheduled PI feedback control. Vehicle tests demonstrate a positioning accuracy of 1.7<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"><EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:\:^\circ\:CA\)</EquationSource></InlineEquation>, complete elimination of engine reversal, and recovery of 44.69&#xa0;J of kinetic energy (6.25% of restart energy demand). By eliminating the need for dedicated crankshaft sensors, this approach simplifies control architecture, offering a cost-effective solution particularly beneficial for low-cylinder-count HEVs with pronounced speed fluctuations.</p>

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Speed-feature-based engine stop-position control for hybrid electric vehicles

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月2日

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  • Yuzhen Yuan,
  • Zhiqiang Lin,
  • Rui Wang,
  • Yao Lu

摘要

Frequent engine stop-start cycles in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) exacerbate noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH), degrading driving comfort—a challenge intensified by growing HEV market share. The initial crank angle (ICA) critically influences restart smoothness, yet traditional control systems relying on crankshaft sensors suffer from low-speed signal unreliability and increased complexity. This study proposes a position-sensor-free stop-position control strategy utilizing only the speed signal. By leveraging the deterministic relationship between speed extrema during the compression stroke and top dead center (TDC), real-time TDC detection and crank angle estimation are achieved. A C¹-continuous quadratic speed trajectory is designed to meet boundary conditions for final speed, acceleration and target position, integrating feedforward torque compensation and gain-scheduled PI feedback control. Vehicle tests demonstrate a positioning accuracy of 1.7\(\:\:^\circ\:CA\), complete elimination of engine reversal, and recovery of 44.69 J of kinetic energy (6.25% of restart energy demand). By eliminating the need for dedicated crankshaft sensors, this approach simplifies control architecture, offering a cost-effective solution particularly beneficial for low-cylinder-count HEVs with pronounced speed fluctuations.