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<p>Developing sustainable and cost-effective electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for efficient water splitting. Herein, Ni-doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> supported on graphene (Ni-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@G) is synthesized using cobalt recovered from spent lithium-ion batteries via a hydrothermal–calcination approach. The composite exhibits a hierarchical porous structure with uniformly dispersed nanoparticles on conductive graphene sheets, providing abundant active sites and enhanced charge transfer. XPS analysis confirms mixed valence states (Co²⁺/Co³⁺ and Ni²⁺/Ni³⁺) and rich oxygen defects, contributing to improved catalytic activity. Electrochemical results in alkaline media show that Ni-Co3O4@G achieves superior OER performance, delivering a low overpotential (1.66 V vs. RHE at 10 mA cm⁻²), a small Tafel slope (107.52 mV dec⁻¹), and excellent stability over 3000 cycles. This work demonstrates a green strategy for converting recycled cobalt into efficient OER electrocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production.</p>

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Sustainable synthesis of Ni-doped Co3O4/graphene from recycled cobalt for efficient oxygen evolution reaction

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月11日

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  • Vu Van Thang,
  • Phuong Nam Le Pham,
  • Thuy Trang T. Vuong,
  • Kiem Do Van,
  • Tu Le Manh,
  • Phi Long Nguyen

摘要

Developing sustainable and cost-effective electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for efficient water splitting. Herein, Ni-doped Co3O4 supported on graphene (Ni-Co3O4@G) is synthesized using cobalt recovered from spent lithium-ion batteries via a hydrothermal–calcination approach. The composite exhibits a hierarchical porous structure with uniformly dispersed nanoparticles on conductive graphene sheets, providing abundant active sites and enhanced charge transfer. XPS analysis confirms mixed valence states (Co²⁺/Co³⁺ and Ni²⁺/Ni³⁺) and rich oxygen defects, contributing to improved catalytic activity. Electrochemical results in alkaline media show that Ni-Co3O4@G achieves superior OER performance, delivering a low overpotential (1.66 V vs. RHE at 10 mA cm⁻²), a small Tafel slope (107.52 mV dec⁻¹), and excellent stability over 3000 cycles. This work demonstrates a green strategy for converting recycled cobalt into efficient OER electrocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production.