Scholarlink

<p><i>Solanum incanum</i> L., a wild relative of cultivated eggplant (<i>S. melongena</i> L.), is a valuable genetic resource for breeding programs due to its adaptability to harsh environments and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite its potential, comprehensive morphological characterization of <i>S. incanum</i> remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological diversity of 45 wild <i>S. incanum</i> accessions from Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran, using multivariate analyses to identify key traits and superior genotypes for conservation and breeding. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences among accessions for all evaluated traits (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Significant phenotypic variation was observed among accessions, with high coefficients of variation (CV &gt; 20%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) for traits such as fruit shape (81.35%), basal leaf prickles (74.54%), and fruit flesh density (65.98%). Multivariate analyses (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) revealed that plant architecture (PC1: 24.84% variance, eigenvalue = 8.69), fruit shape (PC2: 11.46%, eigenvalue = 4.01), and calyx morphology (PC3: 7.46%, eigenvalue = 2.61) were primary drivers of diversity. Correlation analysis showed strong associations between fruit breadth and weight (<i>r</i> = 0.94, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), while multiple regression identified fruit weight as the most influential predictor of fruit length (<i>β</i> = 0.92, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001). Heatmap clustering grouped accessions into distinct morphological clusters, with Euclidean distances ranging from 0.44 (most similar) to 10.86 (most divergent). The study identified eight elite genotypes (‘Rachedr-41’, ‘Rachedr-13’, ‘Rachedr-3’, ‘Rachedr-33’, ‘Rachedr-34’, ‘Rachedr-44’, ‘Rachedr-15’, ‘Rachedr-9’) exhibiting superior morphological traits, including larger fruit dimensions (‘Rachedr-41’: 28.15&#xa0;mm length, 32.27&#xa0;mm breadth, and 12.54&#xa0;g weight) and enhanced seed characteristics (‘Rachedr-33’: 2.47&#xa0;mm seed length). These accessions, positioned outside the 95% confidence ellipse in PCA, represent promising candidates for introgression into cultivated eggplant to improve agronomic performance. The findings underscore the importance of <i>S. incanum</i> as a genetic reservoir and provide a robust framework for future germplasm conservation and breeding initiatives.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Multivariate analysis of Solanum incanum L. based on morphological characterizations

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

查看全文
  • Ali Khadivi,
  • Farhad Mirheidari,
  • Abdolvahid Saeidifar,
  • Younes Moradi,
  • Yazgan Tunç,
  • Yadigar Leyla Doğan

摘要

Solanum incanum L., a wild relative of cultivated eggplant (S. melongena L.), is a valuable genetic resource for breeding programs due to its adaptability to harsh environments and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Despite its potential, comprehensive morphological characterization of S. incanum remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological diversity of 45 wild S. incanum accessions from Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran, using multivariate analyses to identify key traits and superior genotypes for conservation and breeding. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences among accessions for all evaluated traits (p < 0.05). Significant phenotypic variation was observed among accessions, with high coefficients of variation (CV > 20%, p < 0.05) for traits such as fruit shape (81.35%), basal leaf prickles (74.54%), and fruit flesh density (65.98%). Multivariate analyses (p < 0.01) revealed that plant architecture (PC1: 24.84% variance, eigenvalue = 8.69), fruit shape (PC2: 11.46%, eigenvalue = 4.01), and calyx morphology (PC3: 7.46%, eigenvalue = 2.61) were primary drivers of diversity. Correlation analysis showed strong associations between fruit breadth and weight (r = 0.94, p < 0.01), while multiple regression identified fruit weight as the most influential predictor of fruit length (β = 0.92, p ≤ 0.001). Heatmap clustering grouped accessions into distinct morphological clusters, with Euclidean distances ranging from 0.44 (most similar) to 10.86 (most divergent). The study identified eight elite genotypes (‘Rachedr-41’, ‘Rachedr-13’, ‘Rachedr-3’, ‘Rachedr-33’, ‘Rachedr-34’, ‘Rachedr-44’, ‘Rachedr-15’, ‘Rachedr-9’) exhibiting superior morphological traits, including larger fruit dimensions (‘Rachedr-41’: 28.15 mm length, 32.27 mm breadth, and 12.54 g weight) and enhanced seed characteristics (‘Rachedr-33’: 2.47 mm seed length). These accessions, positioned outside the 95% confidence ellipse in PCA, represent promising candidates for introgression into cultivated eggplant to improve agronomic performance. The findings underscore the importance of S. incanum as a genetic reservoir and provide a robust framework for future germplasm conservation and breeding initiatives.