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<p>The presence of synthetic dyes such as Methylene Blue (MB) and Methyl Orange (MO) in water sources presents a significant environmental issue, attributed to their stability and toxic properties. This study presents the fabrication and evaluation of a multifunctional ZIF-8/ZnO/Activated Carbon/Nanocellulose composite for its photocatalytic efficiency under optimized conditions. The characterization results confirmed the development of a hierarchical porous structure characterized by an increased surface area, enhanced light absorption, and improved charge separation. Photocatalytic degradation tests demonstrated that the composite attained maximum efficiencies of 91.8% for MB and 87.4% for MO under optimal conditions of pH 7, a catalyst dose of 0.3&#xa0;g/L, a temperature of 30&#xa0;°C, and 60&#xa0;min of UV irradiation. The adsorption behavior conformed to the Langmuir model, exhibiting high monolayer capacities of qmax (53.0&#xa0;mg/g for MB and 50.1&#xa0;mg/g for MO), which indicates a strong affinity between the composite and the dye molecules. Kinetic analyses indicated a pseudo-second-order mechanism, and thermodynamic findings validated the spontaneous and exothermic characteristics of the process. The composite exhibited strong stability across five cycles, demonstrating negligible efficiency loss. The interaction between ZIF-8, ZnO, activated carbon, and nanocellulose markedly improved adsorption, charge transfer, and radical generation, rendering this composite an efficient material for sustainable wastewater treatment .</p>

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Sustainable nanocellulose-supported ZIF-8/ZnO/activated carbon heterostructures enhance charge separation for efficient photocatalytic dye remediation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月2日

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  • Amal A. Nassar,
  • Ayman K. El-Sawaf,
  • A. O. Ali,
  • M. F. Mubarak.M

摘要

The presence of synthetic dyes such as Methylene Blue (MB) and Methyl Orange (MO) in water sources presents a significant environmental issue, attributed to their stability and toxic properties. This study presents the fabrication and evaluation of a multifunctional ZIF-8/ZnO/Activated Carbon/Nanocellulose composite for its photocatalytic efficiency under optimized conditions. The characterization results confirmed the development of a hierarchical porous structure characterized by an increased surface area, enhanced light absorption, and improved charge separation. Photocatalytic degradation tests demonstrated that the composite attained maximum efficiencies of 91.8% for MB and 87.4% for MO under optimal conditions of pH 7, a catalyst dose of 0.3 g/L, a temperature of 30 °C, and 60 min of UV irradiation. The adsorption behavior conformed to the Langmuir model, exhibiting high monolayer capacities of qmax (53.0 mg/g for MB and 50.1 mg/g for MO), which indicates a strong affinity between the composite and the dye molecules. Kinetic analyses indicated a pseudo-second-order mechanism, and thermodynamic findings validated the spontaneous and exothermic characteristics of the process. The composite exhibited strong stability across five cycles, demonstrating negligible efficiency loss. The interaction between ZIF-8, ZnO, activated carbon, and nanocellulose markedly improved adsorption, charge transfer, and radical generation, rendering this composite an efficient material for sustainable wastewater treatment .