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<p>This study aimed to develop a preliminary diabetes-specific Nutritional Literacy (NL) scale and examine its associations with key variables, including HbA1c%. A cross-sectional survey was disseminated to adults with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) attending primary care clinics in Qatar via SMS. An NL scale and administered after answering sociodemographic and health-related variables. Following content validity, reliability and principal component analysis, we developed a preliminary unidimensional NL scale. We then assessed the relationship between demographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics and the developed NL scale, in a multivariate logistic regression test, after assessing covariate in bivariate tests. The NL scale demonstrated internal consistency and a unidimensional structure. Compared to having HbA1c% levels of 5.7–6.4%, those with levels of 6.5–8% (OR = 0.45) and &gt; 8% (OR = 0.28) had significantly lower odds of high NL. Relative to exercising 0–1&#xa0;days/week, exercising 6–7&#xa0;days/week (OR = 18.0) and 4–5&#xa0;days/week (OR = 2.78) were associated with increased odds of high NL. Further, those who had not visited a clinic in over a year (OR = 0.22) had lower odds of high NL compared to those that visited a clinic 1–6&#xa0;months ago. Marginal associations were found for clinical referrals (OR = 1.99), smokers (OR = 0.48), and having other chronic diseases (OR = 0.60), relative to no referrals, not smoking and not having other chronic diseases respectively. Higher NL is associated with better glycemic control, healthier behaviors, and healthcare utilization, highlighting the importance of integrating tailored nutrition education into diabetes care.</p>

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Nutrition literacy for people with type 2 diabetes and its associations with demographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月3日

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  • Alanood Al-Marri,
  • Yosaf AlRabeei,
  • Mohammed Al-Hamdani

摘要

This study aimed to develop a preliminary diabetes-specific Nutritional Literacy (NL) scale and examine its associations with key variables, including HbA1c%. A cross-sectional survey was disseminated to adults with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) attending primary care clinics in Qatar via SMS. An NL scale and administered after answering sociodemographic and health-related variables. Following content validity, reliability and principal component analysis, we developed a preliminary unidimensional NL scale. We then assessed the relationship between demographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics and the developed NL scale, in a multivariate logistic regression test, after assessing covariate in bivariate tests. The NL scale demonstrated internal consistency and a unidimensional structure. Compared to having HbA1c% levels of 5.7–6.4%, those with levels of 6.5–8% (OR = 0.45) and > 8% (OR = 0.28) had significantly lower odds of high NL. Relative to exercising 0–1 days/week, exercising 6–7 days/week (OR = 18.0) and 4–5 days/week (OR = 2.78) were associated with increased odds of high NL. Further, those who had not visited a clinic in over a year (OR = 0.22) had lower odds of high NL compared to those that visited a clinic 1–6 months ago. Marginal associations were found for clinical referrals (OR = 1.99), smokers (OR = 0.48), and having other chronic diseases (OR = 0.60), relative to no referrals, not smoking and not having other chronic diseases respectively. Higher NL is associated with better glycemic control, healthier behaviors, and healthcare utilization, highlighting the importance of integrating tailored nutrition education into diabetes care.