<p>Internet of Things (IoT) agents that trigger network enforcement actions must be both <i>well-calibrated</i> (for safe triage) and <i>tail-latency predictable</i> (for service level objectives, SLOs). We present Confidence-Calibrated HP-FedGAT-Trust-IBN, a federated, graph-attention architecture that closes the loop from IoMT sensing to SDN enforcement via parameter-efficient (LoRA/PEFT) updates (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\le 1.1\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> MB/round), trust-weighted secure aggregation, and intent verification (IBN) triage. Evaluation follows a two-plane protocol: a learning plane with <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N=100\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> simulated clients under a matched comparator harness (Graph-FL and uncertainty-aware FL baselines), and a serving plane that replays exported checkpoints on real edge devices (Raspberry Pi 5, Jetson Orin Nano, Intel NUC 11) and validates SLOs using hardware ECDFs and empirical <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p99\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The model achieves high discrimination (ROC-AUC/PR-AUC <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\approx 0.97\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>–<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0.98\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) with improved calibration (low ECE) under the matched harness, while the serving loop satisfies the <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(&lt;100\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> ms requirement by device-measured <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p99\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (e.g., enforcement <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p99=27.5\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> ms, vs.&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(39.2\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> ms for an efficient-UQ baseline) and explicit compliance <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\text{Pr}(\text{SLI}\le T)\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The latency decomposition includes all calibration costs and Monte-Carlo expectations (<InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K=64\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, with measured MC share reported), and security modes are quantified end-to-end: CKKS + SMPC adds device-measured <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Delta p99\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and crypto-attributable Joules (e.g., <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(+26\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> ms and <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(+5.8\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> J/round on Raspberry Pi 5). Energy/round is measured on identical hardware and mapped to CO<sub>2</sub><sup>e</sup> for carbon-aware selection of operating points.</p>

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Confidence-calibrated federated graph attention for internet of things agents under latency SLOs

  • Dong Yang,
  • Baixiang Liu,
  • Liyong Wan,
  • Qiming Dong

摘要

Internet of Things (IoT) agents that trigger network enforcement actions must be both well-calibrated (for safe triage) and tail-latency predictable (for service level objectives, SLOs). We present Confidence-Calibrated HP-FedGAT-Trust-IBN, a federated, graph-attention architecture that closes the loop from IoMT sensing to SDN enforcement via parameter-efficient (LoRA/PEFT) updates ( \(\le 1.1\) MB/round), trust-weighted secure aggregation, and intent verification (IBN) triage. Evaluation follows a two-plane protocol: a learning plane with \(N=100\) simulated clients under a matched comparator harness (Graph-FL and uncertainty-aware FL baselines), and a serving plane that replays exported checkpoints on real edge devices (Raspberry Pi 5, Jetson Orin Nano, Intel NUC 11) and validates SLOs using hardware ECDFs and empirical \(p99\) . The model achieves high discrimination (ROC-AUC/PR-AUC \(\approx 0.97\) \(0.98\) ) with improved calibration (low ECE) under the matched harness, while the serving loop satisfies the \(<100\) ms requirement by device-measured \(p99\) (e.g., enforcement \(p99=27.5\) ms, vs.  \(39.2\) ms for an efficient-UQ baseline) and explicit compliance \(\text{Pr}(\text{SLI}\le T)\) . The latency decomposition includes all calibration costs and Monte-Carlo expectations ( \(K=64\) , with measured MC share reported), and security modes are quantified end-to-end: CKKS + SMPC adds device-measured \(\Delta p99\) and crypto-attributable Joules (e.g., \(+26\) ms and \(+5.8\) J/round on Raspberry Pi 5). Energy/round is measured on identical hardware and mapped to CO2e for carbon-aware selection of operating points.