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<p>Autonomic nervous system involvement in COVID-19 survivors has been reported. This study aimed to assess heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in COVID-19 survivors without orthostatic symptoms at different times after infection. Participants were classified as post-acute (PA, &lt; 120 days) or long-term (LT, ≥ 120 days) according to time since positive swab. Mean heart rate (HR), time- (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50) and frequency-domain (LF power, HF power, LF/HF) were computed. BRS was assessed by the sequence (BRS_seq) and the transfer function (BRS_TF) methods. We studied 37 PA and 36 LT patients and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Compared to HC, PA patients exhibited significantly lower values for SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, log-transformed LF and HF power, BRS_TF and BRS_seq, and higher HR and LF/HF ratio. Similar trends were observed in LT patients, with the exception of HR and LF/HF, where differences were not significant. Significant differences between PA and LT were found in HR (77.2 ± 10.7 vs. 69.8 ± 10.7&#xa0;bpm, <i>p</i> = 0.002), log-transformed HF power (3.1 ± 1.2 vs. 3.8 ± 1.2 log-ms<sup>2</sup>, <i>p</i> = 0.010), LF/HF (1.97 ± 1.76 vs. 1.31 ± 0.97, <i>p</i> = 0.035) and BRS_TF (2.00 ± 1.62 vs. 3.18 ± 2.53 ms/mmHg, <i>p</i> = 0.042). This study may support the notion that survivors of COVID-19 without orthostatic symptoms may show a decrease in parasympathetic and an increase in sympathetic modulation, which is more relevant in the post-acute phase of the disease.</p>

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A cross sectional study of the autonomic function at different recovery phases in SARS-CoV-2 patients without orthostatic symptoms

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Maria Teresa La Rovere,
  • Roberto Maestri,
  • Elena Robbi,
  • Angelo Caporotondi,
  • Marta Lovagnini,
  • Nicolino Ambrosino

摘要

Autonomic nervous system involvement in COVID-19 survivors has been reported. This study aimed to assess heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in COVID-19 survivors without orthostatic symptoms at different times after infection. Participants were classified as post-acute (PA, < 120 days) or long-term (LT, ≥ 120 days) according to time since positive swab. Mean heart rate (HR), time- (SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50) and frequency-domain (LF power, HF power, LF/HF) were computed. BRS was assessed by the sequence (BRS_seq) and the transfer function (BRS_TF) methods. We studied 37 PA and 36 LT patients and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Compared to HC, PA patients exhibited significantly lower values for SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, log-transformed LF and HF power, BRS_TF and BRS_seq, and higher HR and LF/HF ratio. Similar trends were observed in LT patients, with the exception of HR and LF/HF, where differences were not significant. Significant differences between PA and LT were found in HR (77.2 ± 10.7 vs. 69.8 ± 10.7 bpm, p = 0.002), log-transformed HF power (3.1 ± 1.2 vs. 3.8 ± 1.2 log-ms2, p = 0.010), LF/HF (1.97 ± 1.76 vs. 1.31 ± 0.97, p = 0.035) and BRS_TF (2.00 ± 1.62 vs. 3.18 ± 2.53 ms/mmHg, p = 0.042). This study may support the notion that survivors of COVID-19 without orthostatic symptoms may show a decrease in parasympathetic and an increase in sympathetic modulation, which is more relevant in the post-acute phase of the disease.