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<p>This study investigates the sedimentation of volcanic particles from low-altitude (&lt; 2&#xa0;km a.s.l.), near-daily ash plumes and clouds at Sakurajima volcano (Japan). Plume dynamics were monitored using imagery (visible wavelength) and geophysical (ash discharge rates) data. Ash fallout was characterized by using ground-based (disdrometer, particle electrical charge sensor, and sampling) and drone-mounted (optical particle counter, atmospheric sensor, and sampling) instruments. A comparison of particle size distributions and aggregate proportions between samples collected by drone 500&#xa0;m above the take-off sites and those collected on the ground shows that aggregation develops rapidly during sedimentation. This process involves collisions between coarse ash (up to 1&#xa0;mm) and fine ash particles (&lt; 63&#xa0;µm). Particle binding is promoted by electrostatic attraction (forming particle clusters) or high atmospheric humidity (forming accretionary pellets). These results provide innovative in-situ evidence of ash aggregation, offering new insights into its dynamics in natural settings, crucial for improving volcanic ash dispersion forecasting.</p>

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In-situ evidence of volcanic ash aggregation during fallout from combined ground- and UAS-based observations

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Simon Thivet,
  • Riccardo Simionato,
  • Allan Fries,
  • Carolina Díaz-Vecino,
  • Jonathan Lemus,
  • Valentin Fréret-Lorgeril,
  • Alexandros P. Poulidis,
  • Masato Iguchi,
  • Costanza Bonadonna

摘要

This study investigates the sedimentation of volcanic particles from low-altitude (< 2 km a.s.l.), near-daily ash plumes and clouds at Sakurajima volcano (Japan). Plume dynamics were monitored using imagery (visible wavelength) and geophysical (ash discharge rates) data. Ash fallout was characterized by using ground-based (disdrometer, particle electrical charge sensor, and sampling) and drone-mounted (optical particle counter, atmospheric sensor, and sampling) instruments. A comparison of particle size distributions and aggregate proportions between samples collected by drone 500 m above the take-off sites and those collected on the ground shows that aggregation develops rapidly during sedimentation. This process involves collisions between coarse ash (up to 1 mm) and fine ash particles (< 63 µm). Particle binding is promoted by electrostatic attraction (forming particle clusters) or high atmospheric humidity (forming accretionary pellets). These results provide innovative in-situ evidence of ash aggregation, offering new insights into its dynamics in natural settings, crucial for improving volcanic ash dispersion forecasting.