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<p>The essential oil (EO) of <i>Tanacetum argyrophyllum</i> harvested from Armenian flora (2080&#xa0;m above sea level), characterized by a eucalyptol–camphor chemotype, and was investigated for its antibacterial activity, particularly against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Chemical profiling revealed eucalyptol (35.0%), camphor (24.0%), and camphene (17.0%) as major constituents, alongside several minor terpenoids. The EO exhibited notable inhibitory effects against both wild-type <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12 and kanamycin-resistant <i>E. coli</i> pARG-25 strains, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) reaching 100 µL/mL. . The combined influence of the EO with kanamycin could be described as synergistic, as Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) is 0.54. In this case the 62.5 µL/mL concentration of EO reduces the antibiotic MIC value fourfold. The investigation of colony-forming ability of bacteria under the influence of <i>T. argyrophyllum</i> EO revealed a reduction in bacterial viability by 30%. The changes in growth kinetics were also observed for both strains, which was indicated by a prolonged lag phase, suggesting impairment of early adaptation mechanisms. Further studies revealed that EO treatment significantly suppressed proton fluxes and ATPase activity in both strains. Particularly, total and DCCD-sensitive ATPase activities decreased by 1.5-fold, indicating a deviation in proton motive force maintenance and energy metabolism. The antibiotic-resistant <i>E. coli</i> pARG-25 strain exhibited higher ATPase activity compared to the wild-type, suggesting an elevated energy demand linked to resistance plasmid carriage, which was also targeted by the EO. These findings highlight that <i>T. argyrophyllum</i> EO disrupts bacterial energy homeostasis, representing a promising strategy for combating antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Overall, the results support the potential use of <i>T. argyrophyllum</i> EO as a natural antimicrobial agent.</p>

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The antibacterial effect of Tanacetum argyrophyllum essential oil on kanamycin-resistant Escherichia coli by disruption of energy metabolism and proton fluxes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月15日

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  • Lusine Margaryan,
  • Silvard Tadevosyan,
  • Armen Sahakyan,
  • Karen Trchounian,
  • Naira Sahakyan

摘要

The essential oil (EO) of Tanacetum argyrophyllum harvested from Armenian flora (2080 m above sea level), characterized by a eucalyptol–camphor chemotype, and was investigated for its antibacterial activity, particularly against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Chemical profiling revealed eucalyptol (35.0%), camphor (24.0%), and camphene (17.0%) as major constituents, alongside several minor terpenoids. The EO exhibited notable inhibitory effects against both wild-type Escherichia coli K-12 and kanamycin-resistant E. coli pARG-25 strains, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) reaching 100 µL/mL. . The combined influence of the EO with kanamycin could be described as synergistic, as Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) is 0.54. In this case the 62.5 µL/mL concentration of EO reduces the antibiotic MIC value fourfold. The investigation of colony-forming ability of bacteria under the influence of T. argyrophyllum EO revealed a reduction in bacterial viability by 30%. The changes in growth kinetics were also observed for both strains, which was indicated by a prolonged lag phase, suggesting impairment of early adaptation mechanisms. Further studies revealed that EO treatment significantly suppressed proton fluxes and ATPase activity in both strains. Particularly, total and DCCD-sensitive ATPase activities decreased by 1.5-fold, indicating a deviation in proton motive force maintenance and energy metabolism. The antibiotic-resistant E. coli pARG-25 strain exhibited higher ATPase activity compared to the wild-type, suggesting an elevated energy demand linked to resistance plasmid carriage, which was also targeted by the EO. These findings highlight that T. argyrophyllum EO disrupts bacterial energy homeostasis, representing a promising strategy for combating antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Overall, the results support the potential use of T. argyrophyllum EO as a natural antimicrobial agent.