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<p>Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the prognostic tools for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), the only approved biomarker, remain limited. We comprehensively evaluated the prognostic impact of sarcopenia and various blood biomarkers in 74 NSCLC patients receiving first-line ICIs. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Cytokines and myokines in peripheral blood samples were assessed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cytometric bead array, while lymphocyte subsets were characterized using flow cytometry. Sarcopenia group had significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (<i>P</i> = 0.018). Sarcopenia was revealed as an independent poor prognostic factor for PFS (HR 2.63, 95% CI 1.19−5.8; <i>P</i> = 0.017). Patients with sarcopenia showed elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, and tumor necrosis factor). Furthermore, sarcopenia index and muscle mass were negatively correlated with exhausted CD8 + T cells (CD8 + TIGIT+). The sarcopenia with high TIGIT expression group exhibited the worst prognosis (HR 3.5, <i>P</i> = 0.0087). Sarcopenia, immune-related blood biomarkers and high TIGIT expression were identified as independent poor prognostic factors in advanced NSCLC patients receiving first-line ICI therapy.</p>

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Prognostic impact of sarcopenia and blood biomarkers in advanced non-small cell lung cancer on first-line immune checkpoint inhibitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Jieun Park,
  • Juwhan Choi,
  • Seunghun Lee,
  • Jihyun Park,
  • Chae Rin Kim,
  • Yeonwoo Lee,
  • Yulim Lee,
  • Young Kee Shin,
  • Sung Yong Lee

摘要

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the prognostic tools for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), the only approved biomarker, remain limited. We comprehensively evaluated the prognostic impact of sarcopenia and various blood biomarkers in 74 NSCLC patients receiving first-line ICIs. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Cytokines and myokines in peripheral blood samples were assessed using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cytometric bead array, while lymphocyte subsets were characterized using flow cytometry. Sarcopenia group had significantly shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.018). Sarcopenia was revealed as an independent poor prognostic factor for PFS (HR 2.63, 95% CI 1.19−5.8; P = 0.017). Patients with sarcopenia showed elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, and tumor necrosis factor). Furthermore, sarcopenia index and muscle mass were negatively correlated with exhausted CD8 + T cells (CD8 + TIGIT+). The sarcopenia with high TIGIT expression group exhibited the worst prognosis (HR 3.5, P = 0.0087). Sarcopenia, immune-related blood biomarkers and high TIGIT expression were identified as independent poor prognostic factors in advanced NSCLC patients receiving first-line ICI therapy.