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<p>Variation in army ant consumption strategies highlights cultural differences between chimpanzee communities in forest habitats. Since these strategies have not been studied in detail in savannas, variation across habitat types remains largely unknown. Here, we report the ant-consumption strategies of savanna chimpanzees at Dindefelo, Senegal. From 2018 to 2022, we collected and measured 151 ant-dipping tools from nine ant nest sites. We assessed tool raw material availability and chimpanzee material selection at four sites. We recorded ant-dipping behaviour at six sites, and examined age, sex, community, individual, and location differences. We collected ants during 47 ant colony encounters and found that all samples belonged to one species closely related to <i>Dorylus nigricans</i>. Chimpanzees made tools from eight plant species and mostly selected lianas. They bent vegetation to position themselves while ant-dipping. Chimpanzees in Dindefelo ant-dipped faster than in forest sites. However, all their ant-consumption strategies have been reported for chimpanzees in forest sites. Although ants are scarce and patchily distributed in savannas, this does not seem to influence chimpanzee ant-eating strategies. Ant aggressiveness appears to determine the ant-consumption strategies used by chimpanzees across habitats. These results expand our understanding of the role ecology and culture play in chimpanzee insect-foraging strategies.</p>

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Chimpanzee army ant consumption strategies show no habitat-specific pattern

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

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  • Andreu Sánchez-Megías,
  • Carlota F. Galán-Plana,
  • Nadia Mirghani,
  • Kasun H. Bodawatta,
  • Amanda Barciela,
  • Laia Dotras,
  • Jordi Galbany,
  • Manuel Llana,
  • Michael Poulsen,
  • Adrián Arroyo,
  • Justinn Renelies-Hamilton,
  • R. Adriana Hernandez-Aguilar

摘要

Variation in army ant consumption strategies highlights cultural differences between chimpanzee communities in forest habitats. Since these strategies have not been studied in detail in savannas, variation across habitat types remains largely unknown. Here, we report the ant-consumption strategies of savanna chimpanzees at Dindefelo, Senegal. From 2018 to 2022, we collected and measured 151 ant-dipping tools from nine ant nest sites. We assessed tool raw material availability and chimpanzee material selection at four sites. We recorded ant-dipping behaviour at six sites, and examined age, sex, community, individual, and location differences. We collected ants during 47 ant colony encounters and found that all samples belonged to one species closely related to Dorylus nigricans. Chimpanzees made tools from eight plant species and mostly selected lianas. They bent vegetation to position themselves while ant-dipping. Chimpanzees in Dindefelo ant-dipped faster than in forest sites. However, all their ant-consumption strategies have been reported for chimpanzees in forest sites. Although ants are scarce and patchily distributed in savannas, this does not seem to influence chimpanzee ant-eating strategies. Ant aggressiveness appears to determine the ant-consumption strategies used by chimpanzees across habitats. These results expand our understanding of the role ecology and culture play in chimpanzee insect-foraging strategies.