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<p>The quest for next-generation radiation shielding hinges on finding lead-free alloys that balance high density with environmental safety. In this work, we targeted three transition metal arsenides (VAs, MoAs, and TaAs) to determine their efficacy against ionizing radiation across a wide energy range from 0.015&#xa0;MeV to 15&#xa0;MeV. By leveraging the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit and benchmarking against the XCOM database, we achieved high-fidelity simulations with deviations below 1%. Among the candidates, TaAs demonstrated the highest photon attenuation efficiency, characterized by a linear attenuation coefficient of <i>μ</i> = 1.463 cm<sup>−1</sup> at 0.5&#xa0;MeV and a half-value layer of <i>λ</i><sub>½</sub> = 0.47&#xa0;cm at 0.5&#xa0;MeV. Critically, at a thickness of 0.1&#xa0;cm, TaAs delivers a dose reduction of over 50% relative to VAs. Statistical reliability was rigorously validated using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (<i>p</i> = 1.00), confirming no significant difference between simulated and theoretical XCOM data distributions. These findings establish TaAs not merely as a replacement for conventional materials, but as compact, lead-free shielding alternative optimized for space-constrained diagnostic systems.</p>

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High-density lead-free alloys for compact and sustainable photon shielding: a Monte Carlo and benchmarking study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Morad Khalid Hamad

摘要

The quest for next-generation radiation shielding hinges on finding lead-free alloys that balance high density with environmental safety. In this work, we targeted three transition metal arsenides (VAs, MoAs, and TaAs) to determine their efficacy against ionizing radiation across a wide energy range from 0.015 MeV to 15 MeV. By leveraging the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit and benchmarking against the XCOM database, we achieved high-fidelity simulations with deviations below 1%. Among the candidates, TaAs demonstrated the highest photon attenuation efficiency, characterized by a linear attenuation coefficient of μ = 1.463 cm−1 at 0.5 MeV and a half-value layer of λ½ = 0.47 cm at 0.5 MeV. Critically, at a thickness of 0.1 cm, TaAs delivers a dose reduction of over 50% relative to VAs. Statistical reliability was rigorously validated using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (p = 1.00), confirming no significant difference between simulated and theoretical XCOM data distributions. These findings establish TaAs not merely as a replacement for conventional materials, but as compact, lead-free shielding alternative optimized for space-constrained diagnostic systems.