<p>Soil erosion poses a major threat to Ethiopia particularly in Somali Regional State, where the implementation of soil and water practices has been poorly implemented. This study was aimed to assess Soil and Water Conservation Adoption Among Smallholder Farmers: Evidence from Somali Regional State of Ethiopia. The study was applied cross sectional mixed research approach using both qualitative and quantitative data from 203 randomly selected household heads. Binary logistics regression model was employed to analyze factors affecting adoption of soil and water conservation practices in study area. The results indicated that 51.72% of household heads had were adopted SWC practices, while 48.28% were not adopted. Determinant factors such as education level, farm experience, farm slope, institutional services and land cover had a positive and significant correction with adoption of SWC practices. Conversely, gender and farm size showed a negative and significant relationship. Finally, the study concluded that smallholder’s farmer’s adoption with SWC practices were influenced by biophysical, socioeconomic and institutional determinants which needs an intensive consideration for full implementation of SWC practices among household heads. Therefore, the policies, development agencies, NGOs and academicians must account for these influential variables to effectively encourage and support the adoptions of SWC practices in study area.</p>