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<p>To quantitatively assess the influence of target temperature and ablation duration on the quality of proton resonance frequency shift (PRFS)-based MR thermometry during microwave ablation (MWA) in a controlled ex vivo model, and to identify parameter ranges associated with improved thermometry performance. Thirty-two MWAs were performed in 10 ex vivo bovine livers in a 1.5-tesla MRI system with multi-slice volumetric real-time thermometry yielding temperature and thermal dose maps. The experiments were conducted twice using all combinations of four target temperatures (60; 80; 100; 120&#xa0;°C) and four ablation times (5:00; 7:30; 10:00; 15:00&#xa0;min). Thermometry quality was rated on a 5‑point Likert scale. Ablation areas were compared with histopathology (hematoxylin and eosin, H&amp;E; and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH‑diaphorase) and correlated using Spearman coefficients. Likert scores were compared across temperatures using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. All evaluations were performed independently by two readers. Lesion areas varied from 2.6 to 12.9&#xa0;cm², increasing primarily with target temperature. Ablation areas from temperature and thermal dose maps correlated strongly with macroscopically visual necrosis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Likert scores differed significantly across temperatures (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The highest image quality was achieved at 60&#xa0;°C for 7:30&#xa0;min, showing comparable scores as at 80° for 15:00&#xa0;min, but significantly differing from 100&#xa0;°C to 120&#xa0;°C. In this controlled ex vivo setting, lower target temperatures were associated with improved MRI thermometry quality, providing more reliable visualization of ablation zones; however, ablation volumes decreased at lower temperatures. Furthermore, these empirical ex vivo observations suggest that a staged two-level approach may support a clinical workflow strategy aimed at balancing thermometry image quality and ablation volume. Given the absence of perfusion and motion effects, these findings require further validation before clinical translation.</p>

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Quantitative ex vivo assessment of target temperature and ablation duration for protocol optimization of microwave ablation procedures with mr thermometry

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • Luigi Nardone,
  • Alexander Sheng Ming Tan,
  • Pierre Bour,
  • Matthias Philipp Fabritius,
  • Elif Öcal,
  • Vanessa Franziska Schmidt,
  • Mingming Wu,
  • Laura Maria Bauer,
  • Valéry Ozenne,
  • Jens Ricke,
  • Max Seidensticker,
  • Olaf Dietrich

摘要

To quantitatively assess the influence of target temperature and ablation duration on the quality of proton resonance frequency shift (PRFS)-based MR thermometry during microwave ablation (MWA) in a controlled ex vivo model, and to identify parameter ranges associated with improved thermometry performance. Thirty-two MWAs were performed in 10 ex vivo bovine livers in a 1.5-tesla MRI system with multi-slice volumetric real-time thermometry yielding temperature and thermal dose maps. The experiments were conducted twice using all combinations of four target temperatures (60; 80; 100; 120 °C) and four ablation times (5:00; 7:30; 10:00; 15:00 min). Thermometry quality was rated on a 5‑point Likert scale. Ablation areas were compared with histopathology (hematoxylin and eosin, H&E; and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH‑diaphorase) and correlated using Spearman coefficients. Likert scores were compared across temperatures using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. All evaluations were performed independently by two readers. Lesion areas varied from 2.6 to 12.9 cm², increasing primarily with target temperature. Ablation areas from temperature and thermal dose maps correlated strongly with macroscopically visual necrosis (p < 0.01). Likert scores differed significantly across temperatures (p < 0.05). The highest image quality was achieved at 60 °C for 7:30 min, showing comparable scores as at 80° for 15:00 min, but significantly differing from 100 °C to 120 °C. In this controlled ex vivo setting, lower target temperatures were associated with improved MRI thermometry quality, providing more reliable visualization of ablation zones; however, ablation volumes decreased at lower temperatures. Furthermore, these empirical ex vivo observations suggest that a staged two-level approach may support a clinical workflow strategy aimed at balancing thermometry image quality and ablation volume. Given the absence of perfusion and motion effects, these findings require further validation before clinical translation.