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<p>An amphiphilic HEMA-co-AMPS copolymer was synthesized through microwave-assisted RAFT polymerization using a rapid and energy-efficient approach. Comprehensive characterization confirmed successful copolymer formation, high structural stability, and the presence of abundant negatively charged sulfonate groups. The copolymer exhibited excellent adsorption performance toward Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Cr<sup>6+</sup> ions, achieving maximum capacities of 165&#xa0;mg g⁻¹ and 115&#xa0;mg g⁻¹, respectively, within ≤ 3&#xa0;h. Adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, while equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir model for Cu<sup>2+</sup> and the Freundlich model for Cr<sup>6+</sup>. Thermodynamic analysis indicated spontaneous adsorption, with Cu<sup>2+</sup> uptake occurring through an endothermic process and Cr<sup>6+</sup> uptake proceeding exothermically. The copolymer retained more than 87% of its initial adsorption capacity after multiple cycles, demonstrating strong reusability. Overall, these findings highlight microwave-assisted RAFT polymerization as an efficient and sustainable strategy for producing high-performance polymeric adsorbents for water treatment applications.</p>

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Rapid microwave assisted RAFT synthesis of amphiphilic HEMA-co-AMPS copolymers for high performance Cu2+ and Cr6+ removal from water

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • Amany Gaffer,
  • A. Ebada,
  • Alshiama Refaat Alawady

摘要

An amphiphilic HEMA-co-AMPS copolymer was synthesized through microwave-assisted RAFT polymerization using a rapid and energy-efficient approach. Comprehensive characterization confirmed successful copolymer formation, high structural stability, and the presence of abundant negatively charged sulfonate groups. The copolymer exhibited excellent adsorption performance toward Cu2+ and Cr6+ ions, achieving maximum capacities of 165 mg g⁻¹ and 115 mg g⁻¹, respectively, within ≤ 3 h. Adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, while equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir model for Cu2+ and the Freundlich model for Cr6+. Thermodynamic analysis indicated spontaneous adsorption, with Cu2+ uptake occurring through an endothermic process and Cr6+ uptake proceeding exothermically. The copolymer retained more than 87% of its initial adsorption capacity after multiple cycles, demonstrating strong reusability. Overall, these findings highlight microwave-assisted RAFT polymerization as an efficient and sustainable strategy for producing high-performance polymeric adsorbents for water treatment applications.