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<p>Sleep disorders are linked with cognitive impairments, emotional dysregulation, and motivational alterations and have been parsed into two broad categories, parasomnias (altered sleep cycles) and dyssomnias (difficulties falling/staying asleep). We conducted coordinate-based meta-analyses to delineate <i>common</i> and <i>distinct</i> brain alterations across structural neuroimaging studies assessing parasomnias (<i>n</i> = 17) and dyssomnias (<i>n</i> = 40). To infer brain network-level and behavioral implications we additionally performed meta-analytic connectivity modeling (MACM) and functional decoding. Across all disorders, sleep disruption was associated with convergent structural decreases in the thalamus. When focusing on parasomnia-related studies, convergent structural decreases were observed in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). No regions of convergent structural alterations were identified across dyssomnia-related studies. MACM analyses indicated that the identified thalamic region was embedded in a broader cortico–striato–thalamic network, whereas the PCC region was embedded within a network composed of medial prefrontal, striatal, insular, and mid-cingulate regions. Functional decoding linked the thalamic region to behavioral domains involving task execution and performance monitoring, while the PCC region was associated with valuation, decision-making, and motivational regulation. These outcomes suggest that structural alterations associated with sleep-related disorders may disrupt distributed brain networks, potentially contributing to altered cognitive, emotional, and motivational functioning.</p>

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Sleep disorders and structural alterations in brain regions linked with motivation: a neuroimaging meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月26日

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  • Katharine E. Crooks,
  • Chloe L. Hampson,
  • Julio A. Peraza,
  • Patricio M. Viera Perez,
  • Matthew T. Sutherland

摘要

Sleep disorders are linked with cognitive impairments, emotional dysregulation, and motivational alterations and have been parsed into two broad categories, parasomnias (altered sleep cycles) and dyssomnias (difficulties falling/staying asleep). We conducted coordinate-based meta-analyses to delineate common and distinct brain alterations across structural neuroimaging studies assessing parasomnias (n = 17) and dyssomnias (n = 40). To infer brain network-level and behavioral implications we additionally performed meta-analytic connectivity modeling (MACM) and functional decoding. Across all disorders, sleep disruption was associated with convergent structural decreases in the thalamus. When focusing on parasomnia-related studies, convergent structural decreases were observed in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). No regions of convergent structural alterations were identified across dyssomnia-related studies. MACM analyses indicated that the identified thalamic region was embedded in a broader cortico–striato–thalamic network, whereas the PCC region was embedded within a network composed of medial prefrontal, striatal, insular, and mid-cingulate regions. Functional decoding linked the thalamic region to behavioral domains involving task execution and performance monitoring, while the PCC region was associated with valuation, decision-making, and motivational regulation. These outcomes suggest that structural alterations associated with sleep-related disorders may disrupt distributed brain networks, potentially contributing to altered cognitive, emotional, and motivational functioning.