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<p>Emerging resistance in malaria vectors and parasites has accelerated the development of novel control strategies such as the Sterile Insect Technique and Wolbachia-based approaches, which require large-scale mosquito rearing. These methods traditionally rely on vertebrate Blood, raising ethical and logistical concerns. This study evaluated the effects of a BLOODless™ on wing size, longevity, and <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> susceptibility in <i>Anopheles coluzzii</i> and <i>An. gambiae</i> from Burkina Faso, and the Kisumu <i>An. gambiae</i> strain. Blood and Bloodless-reared mosquitoes were compared across seven generations. Wing size was unaffected by diet in the 3rd and 7th generations, though sex impacted size in the 3rd generation only. A diet-species interaction was detected in the 7th generation. <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> infection rates were similar in the 3rd generation, but by the 6th, Blood-fed mosquitoes showed higher oocyst prevalence, though intensity remained unchanged. Infection outcomes were species-dependent only at this later stage. Longevity, initially comparable across groups, increased significantly in Bloodless-fed mosquitoes by the 7th generation. Species had no effect on survival. A Blood-free diet enables sustained mosquito rearing while preserving traits essential for malaria research, providing an ethical, effective alternative to vertebrate Blood in vector control and experimental programs.</p>

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Effects of a bloodless diet on fitness and malaria susceptibility in Anopheles mosquitoes from Burkina Faso

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月17日

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  • Domonbabele François de Sales Hien,
  • Issiaka Sare,
  • Auguste Marie Ange Paul Sib,
  • Bèwadéyir Serge Poda,
  • Rita Velez,
  • Joana Marques,
  • Henrique Silveira,
  • Abdoulaye Diabate,
  • Etienne M. Bilgo

摘要

Emerging resistance in malaria vectors and parasites has accelerated the development of novel control strategies such as the Sterile Insect Technique and Wolbachia-based approaches, which require large-scale mosquito rearing. These methods traditionally rely on vertebrate Blood, raising ethical and logistical concerns. This study evaluated the effects of a BLOODless™ on wing size, longevity, and Plasmodium falciparum susceptibility in Anopheles coluzzii and An. gambiae from Burkina Faso, and the Kisumu An. gambiae strain. Blood and Bloodless-reared mosquitoes were compared across seven generations. Wing size was unaffected by diet in the 3rd and 7th generations, though sex impacted size in the 3rd generation only. A diet-species interaction was detected in the 7th generation. Plasmodium falciparum infection rates were similar in the 3rd generation, but by the 6th, Blood-fed mosquitoes showed higher oocyst prevalence, though intensity remained unchanged. Infection outcomes were species-dependent only at this later stage. Longevity, initially comparable across groups, increased significantly in Bloodless-fed mosquitoes by the 7th generation. Species had no effect on survival. A Blood-free diet enables sustained mosquito rearing while preserving traits essential for malaria research, providing an ethical, effective alternative to vertebrate Blood in vector control and experimental programs.