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<p>Short- and medium-chain fatty acids (SCFAs/MCFAs) modulate metabolic and inflammatory pathways. This study examined associations between maternal plasma SCFAs/MCFAs in the first (T1) and third (T3) trimesters and maternal and infant metabolic–inflammatory indices, maternal energy metabolism, and infant anthropometrics and body composition at 2 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Data were retrieved from the <i>Growing Life</i>,<i> Optimizing Wellness Study</i>. SCFAs/MCFAs were derivatized with 3-NPH and quantified by LC–MS in Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry with elevated energy mode., while metabolic–inflammatory indices were computed from standardized biomarkers (e.g., cholesterol, insulin, leptin). Sample sizes included up to 231 participants at T1, 156 at T3, 80 infants at 2 weeks, and 55 at 6 months. Generalized linear models adjusted for covariates and multiple comparisons. At T3, higher butyric, caproic, propionic, isobutyric, and isovaleric acids were linked to a lower maternal metabolic–inflammatory index, whereas higher acetate-to-propionate, acetate-to-butyrate, and propionate-to-butyrate ratios were linked to a higher index. Maternal acetic acid and total SCFA/MCFA concentrations were inversely associated with respiratory exchange ratio at T1 and T3. Limited associations were observed with infant indices or body composition. Overall, third-trimester SCFAs were associated with maternal metabolic–inflammatory pathways with minimal downstream infant effects.</p>

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Circulating short- and medium-chain fatty acids in pregnancy and associations with maternal and infant metabolism, inflammation, and body composition

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月13日

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  • Maryam Kebbe,
  • Renny S. Lan,
  • Lindsay Pack,
  • Clark Sims,
  • Leanne M. Redman,
  • Aline Andres

摘要

Short- and medium-chain fatty acids (SCFAs/MCFAs) modulate metabolic and inflammatory pathways. This study examined associations between maternal plasma SCFAs/MCFAs in the first (T1) and third (T3) trimesters and maternal and infant metabolic–inflammatory indices, maternal energy metabolism, and infant anthropometrics and body composition at 2 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Data were retrieved from the Growing Life, Optimizing Wellness Study. SCFAs/MCFAs were derivatized with 3-NPH and quantified by LC–MS in Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry with elevated energy mode., while metabolic–inflammatory indices were computed from standardized biomarkers (e.g., cholesterol, insulin, leptin). Sample sizes included up to 231 participants at T1, 156 at T3, 80 infants at 2 weeks, and 55 at 6 months. Generalized linear models adjusted for covariates and multiple comparisons. At T3, higher butyric, caproic, propionic, isobutyric, and isovaleric acids were linked to a lower maternal metabolic–inflammatory index, whereas higher acetate-to-propionate, acetate-to-butyrate, and propionate-to-butyrate ratios were linked to a higher index. Maternal acetic acid and total SCFA/MCFA concentrations were inversely associated with respiratory exchange ratio at T1 and T3. Limited associations were observed with infant indices or body composition. Overall, third-trimester SCFAs were associated with maternal metabolic–inflammatory pathways with minimal downstream infant effects.