<p>The street food sector, which is very significant for urban nutrition, tends to operate informally with poor hygiene standards. This, therefore, poses grave health hazards, especially to consumers in developing countries. This study therefore assessed food hygiene behaviours among food vendors in Yamfo, Ghana, exploring compliance with safety protocols and the impact on consumer health. A descriptive cross-sectional study design using quantitative methods was employed to examine hygiene practices among 251 food vendors in Yamfo, Ahafo Region. Data were analysed using SPSS Version 26. Chi-square tests and linear regression analysis were performed to assess the impact of food hygiene practices on consumer health. Among vendors, 74.5% were females and 60.3% were under 34 years of age. While 79.4% reported always washing hands after visiting the lavatory, only 18.3% did so after handling money. The availability of clean water (<i>p</i> = 0.021), gender (<i>p</i> = 0.007), educational qualification (<i>p</i> = 0.004), and years of experience (<i>p</i> = 0.001) were significant predictors of hygiene practices. Additionally, practices such as utensil sanitisation (<i>p</i> = 0.022), food covering (<i>p</i> = 0.018), and temperature control (<i>p</i> = 0.008) significantly impacted consumer health. Notably, 91.7% of vendors agreed that good hygiene reduces foodborne illnesses. Food safety and hygiene practices among Yamfo food vendors are moderately observed, but significantly influenced by infrastructural, educational, and behavioural factors. Consumer health is directly impacted by food hygiene practices, reinforcing the need for policy reforms, training programs, and infrastructure improvement to safeguard public health and well-being of consumers.</p>