Association of long COVID with health-related quality-of-life outcomes
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期刊论文
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发表日期:
2026年3月19日
- Malini M. Gandhi,
- Carlee Moser,
- Judith S. Currier,
- Justin Ritz,
- Joseph J. Eron,
- Eric S. Daar,
- David A. Wohl,
- William A. Fischer II,
- Upinder Singh,
- Michael D. Hughes,
- Davey M. Smith,
- Teresa H. Evering,
- Kara W. Chew,
- Davey Smith,
- Arzhang Cyrus Javan,
- Mark Giganti,
- Lara Hosey,
- Jhoanna Roa,
- Nilam Patel,
- Kelly Colsh,
- Irene Rwakazina,
- Justine Beck,
- Scott Sieg,
- Jonathan Li,
- Courtney Fletcher,
- Rachel Bender Ignacio,
- Sandra Cardoso,
- Katya Corado,
- Prasanna Jagannathan,
- Nikolaus Jilg,
- Alan Perelson,
- Sandy Pillay,
- Cynthia Riviere,
- Upinder Singh,
- Babafemi Taiwo,
- Joan Gottesman,
- Matthew Newell,
- Susan Pedersen,
- Joan Dragavon,
- Cheryl Jennings,
- Brian Greenfelder,
- William Murtaugh,
- Jan Kosmyna,
- Morgan Gapara,
- Akbar Shahkolahi,
- David Margolis,
- Paul Klekotka,
- Robert A. Gasser Jr,
- Rick Finnegan,
- Edgar Charles,
- Bob Szurgot,
- Mark J. Main,
- Verónica Lacal,
- Diego Salusso,
- Sebastian Nuñez,
- Marcelo Rodrigo Rodriguez,
- Luciana Laborde,
- Marcelo Papasidero,
- Luis Wehbe,
- Mariana Gonzalez,
- Felicitas Fernandez Voena,
- Tomas Alvarez,
- Amaru Lopez,
- Virginia Huhn,
- Ulises D´Andrea Nores,
- Pablo Dieser,
- Fernando Bordese,
- Marisa Mussi,
- Rodrigo de Carvalho Santana,
- Adriana Aparecida Tiraboschi Bárbaro,
- Breno Santos,
- Rita de Cássia Alves Lira,
- Andre Luiz Machado da Silva,
- Sandra Wagner Cardoso,
- Maria Pia Diniz Ribeiro,
- Nathália Soliva,
- Eduardo Vasconcellos,
- Jorge Eurico Ribeiro,
- Miriam Amaral Enéas,
- Jorge Pinto,
- Julia Fonseca de Morais Caporali,
- Flávia Gomes Faleiro Ferreira,
- Norma Erendira Rivera Martinez,
- Victor Casildo Bohorquez Lopez,
- Melchor Victor Frias,
- Krystle Fetalvero,
- Alyxzza Maranan,
- Jennifer Rosa,
- Thomas Coetzer,
- Maureen Mohata,
- Umesh Lalloo,
- Sandy Pillay,
- Penelope Madlala,
- Larisha Pillay-Ramaya,
- Jaclyn Ann Bennet,
- Noluthando Mwelase,
- Nokuphiwa Mbhele,
- Frederick Petrick,
- Leonard Joubert,
- Rose Mbali,
- Natasha Joseph,
- Mmatsie Manentsa,
- Eugene van der Walt,
- Mduduzi Sandile Lawrance Masilela,
- Zinhle Zwane,
- Tendai Chiperera,
- Lerato Mohapi,
- Suri Moonsamy,
- Usha Singh,
- Kirsten McHarry,
- Elizma Snyman,
- Pieter Lennox,
- James Craig Innes,
- Oteng Letlape,
- Olebogeng Jonkane,
- William Brumskine,
- Tania Adonis,
- Ni Ni Sein,
- Modulakgotla Sebe,
- Yacoob Vahed,
- Nazreen Jeewa Hussen,
- Ismail Mitha,
- Vasundhara Cheekati,
- Purna Cheekati,
- Christie Lummus,
- Samuel Idarraga,
- Andrew Kim,
- David N. Pham,
- Wei-Hsin Kao,
- Michael M. Pfeffer,
- Miriam Batule Dominguez,
- Anju Malik,
- Anna Bryan,
- Melanie Arnold,
- Idania Fernandez,
- Cinzia Karpf,
- Aniuska Ruiz,
- David Taylor,
- Eric Folkens,
- Jennifer Manne,
- Sigal Yawetz,
- Cheryl Keenan,
- Emeka Eziri,
- Carl Fichtenbaum,
- Jenifer Baer,
- Sarah Trentman,
- Robert Call,
- Leroy Vaughan,
- Aaron Milstone,
- Jamie Alex Slandzicki,
- Jessica Wallan,
- Clinton Guillory,
- Nancy Andrews,
- Leslie Hughes,
- Teresa H. Evering,
- Jonathan Berardi,
- Celine Arar,
- Randall Quinn,
- Jorge P. Amaya,
- Marissa Gomez-Martinez,
- Luis Cantu,
- Monica Betancourt-Garcia,
- Nwora Lance Okeke,
- Charles M. Burns,
- Fadi Haddad,
- Victoria Haddad,
- Augusto Focil,
- Griselda Rosas,
- Susana Moyano,
- Yaneicy Gonzalez Rojas,
- Ahmad Aswad,
- Yevgeniy Bukhman,
- Manish Jain,
- Eugene Bukhman,
- Humam Farah,
- Rebekah McClain,
- Eric Daar,
- Sadia Shaik,
- Timothy Hatlen,
- Deepa Gotur,
- Joseph Surber,
- Jeffrey Kingsley,
- April Pixler,
- Alex Zopo,
- Jack Herman,
- Craig Herman,
- Ramon Leon,
- Boris Nikolov,
- Fernando Gonzalez Vergara,
- Ana I. Gonzalez,
- Noemi Gonzalez,
- Michael Gelman,
- Olga Andriunas,
- Zarema Jagizarov,
- Jan Westerman,
- David Davis,
- Donna Sherer,
- Kelly Dooley,
- Becky Becker,
- Adaliah Wilkins,
- Jose Pérez,
- Eloy Roman,
- Heriberto Fernández,
- Bharat Mocherla,
- Kelly Beck,
- Valarie Maldonado,
- Jennifer Veltman,
- Rajesh Gandhi,
- Katrina Shea,
- Matthew Planchon,
- Laura Bogan Herpel,
- Kaushlendra K. Tripathi,
- Donald C. Day Sr.,
- John Pullman,
- Erin Williams-Leber,
- Misty Johnson,
- Michelle Hecker,
- Ann Avery,
- Keila Hoover,
- George W. Monlux Jr,
- Elizabeth Juneja,
- Arthur Wernick,
- Karelia Ruiz,
- Maureen Hernández,
- Yadilys Pérez,
- Babafemi O. Taiwo,
- Claudia Hawkins,
- Baiba Berzins,
- Carlos Malvestutto,
- Heather Harber,
- Robyn Cicarella,
- Edwin DeJesus,
- Charlotte-Paige Rolle,
- Almena L. Free,
- Sallie D. Pulliam,
- Debra Weinstein,
- Rosa M. Suarez,
- Ezequiel Socorro,
- Estefania Socorro,
- Gene Neytman,
- Jack Herman,
- Craig Herman,
- Raymond Easley,
- Mariam Aziz,
- Joan Swiatek,
- Avish Nagpal,
- Breanna Kompelien,
- Kathryn McEvoy,
- Susan E. Hoover,
- Allison Lutz,
- Jessica Just,
- Manuel Hernandez,
- Yanly B. Victoria,
- Gabriel Rodriguez,
- Upinder Singh,
- Prasanna Jagannathan,
- Divya Pathak,
- Joshua J. Ordway,
- Megan Heffner,
- Patrick Weston,
- Khalilah Weston,
- Madhu Choudhary,
- Jennifer Sullivano,
- Olayemi Osiyemi,
- Myriam Izquierdo,
- Odelsey Torna,
- Brian Clemency,
- Renoj Varughese,
- Joshua Lynch,
- Kara Chew,
- Aleen Khodabakhshian,
- Samantha Fortier,
- Christopher Coyne,
- Alexandrea Cronin,
- Constance Benson,
- Steven Hendrickx,
- Rosemarie Ramirez,
- Anne Luetkemeyer,
- Suzanne Hendler,
- Dennis Dentoni-Lasofsky,
- Mobeen Rathore,
- Saniyyah Mahmoudi,
- Amna Riaz,
- Mario Castro,
- Leslie Spikes,
- Chase Hall,
- David Wohl,
- Jonathan Oakes,
- Amy James Loftis,
- Pablo Tebas,
- William Short,
- Michael P. Dube,
- Saahir Khan,
- Luis M. Mendez,
- Rachel Bender Ignacio,
- Sarah McGuffin,
- Chris Jonsson,
- Mamta K. Jain,
- Smruthi Senthil,
- Kimberly Turner-Gray,
- Sanjay Mehta,
- David Davey Smith,
- Mary Lewinski,
- Masoud Azizad,
- Christopher Chow,
- Lisa Nakatani,
- Derrick Williamson,
- Hisham Atriss,
- Matthew Caloura,
- Midhun Malla,
- Hannah Hazard-Jenkins,
- Aimee Wilkin,
- Jamraus Fayssoux,
- Hannah Seagle,
- Rachel Presti,
- Alem Haile
摘要
The association of long COVID with health-related quality-of-life (HrQOL) has not been well-characterized. Participants who received blinded placebo in the ACTIV-2/A5401 outpatient COVID-19 treatment trial were included in an analysis of the association of long COVID with HrQOL (both pre-specified exploratory trial endpoints) 9 months after acute COVID-19. Long COVID was defined as presence of self-assessed COVID-19 symptoms and HrQOL was assessed with EQ-5D-5L and SF-36v2 questionnaires. Associations were evaluated by Fisher’s exact tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Of 546 participants, 13% had long COVID. Long COVID was associated with greater risk of reported problems in the EQ-5D-5L dimensions of mobility, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression (risk ratios 3.45–6.00, all p < 0.001) and worse self-reported health scores (median 80 vs. 95, p < 0.001). Participants with long COVID also had worse SF-36v2 composite physical and mental component scores (both p < 0.001) and individual SF-36 domain scores (physical functioning, physical role, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional role, and mental health; all p < 0.001). Associations were similar regardless of baseline (pre-COVID-19) medical history. Long COVID is associated with impaired HrQOL across multiple domains, highlighting the need to develop preventative and therapeutic interventions for this protean condition.