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<p>Infants born in Japan are reported to have a low incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) among countries, and these differences remained significant after adjusting for common clinical factors. To investigate the impact of ethnic background, we compared the incidence of NEC between infants born in Japan and those born to mothers of Japanese ethnicity in California. Preterm infants born between 2008 and 2019 at 22–29&#xa0;weeks of gestational age were analyzed retrospectively. Four groups were analyzed: infants born in Japan (JP), infants born in California to mothers born in Japan (JP-J), infants born in California to mothers with Japanese ethnicity but born in the United States or another country (JP-CA), and a comparison group of infants born in California to non-Hispanic White mothers (NHW-CA). Each cohort consisted of 52,049, 115, 226, and 12,275 infants, respectively. Unadjusted NEC incidences were significantly lower in JP compared to the other three cohorts (1.7% JP, 4.5% JP-J, 4.6% JP-CA, and 3.3% NHW-CA, respectively; p &lt; 0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, odds ratios for NEC in JP vs. JP-J, JP-CA, and NHW-CA were 3.04 (1.18–7.80), 2.89 (1.45–5.75), and 1.96 (1.56–2.47), respectively. This study suggests that differences in NEC incidence in Japan are not explained by ethnicity.</p><p><i>Clinical trial regstration number</i>: Registration numbers is UMIN000006961 (<a href="https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000008217">https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000008217</a>) for the Neonatal Research Network of Japan. However, the the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative (CPQCC) aims only to assess neonatal outcomes for the purpose of quality assessment and improvement. So, no clinical trial number is available. Please refer to the web site <a href="https://www.cpqcc.org/">https://www.cpqcc.org/</a>.</p>

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Comparative analysis of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants born in Japan and born to mothers of Japanese ethnicity in California

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月22日

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  • Satoshi Kusuda,
  • Mihoko V. Bennett,
  • Jeffrey B. Gould,
  • Takashi Nasu,
  • Yukiteru Tachibana,
  • Ayumu Noro,
  • Toshihiko Mori,
  • Ken Nagaya,
  • Masaru Shirai,
  • Toru Ishioka,
  • Toshiya Saito,
  • Yosuke Kaneshi,
  • Masaki Kobayashi,
  • Nobuko Shiono,
  • Nobuhiro Takahashi,
  • Yusuke Ohkado,
  • Itaru Hayasaka,
  • Eiki Nakamura,
  • Tomofumi Ikeda,
  • Genichiro Sotodate,
  • Mari Ishii,
  • Toru Huchimukai,
  • Takahide Hosokawa,
  • Rikio Suzuki,
  • Masatoshi Sanjo,
  • Michiya Kudo,
  • Takushi Hanita,
  • Hirokazu Arai,
  • Masato Ito,
  • Satoshi Niwa,
  • Masanari Kawamura,
  • Satoshi Watanabe,
  • Yousuke Sudo,
  • Hiroshi Yoshida,
  • Tsutomu Ishii,
  • Takashi Imamura,
  • Maki Sato,
  • Yoshiya Yukitake,
  • Yayoi Miyazono,
  • Goro Asada,
  • Yumi Kono,
  • Yasuaki Kobayashi,
  • Hiroshi Suzumura,
  • Yasushi Oki,
  • Kenji Ichinomiya,
  • Toru Fujiu,
  • Hideaki Fukushima,
  • Hideshi Fujinaga,
  • Tetsuya Kunikata,
  • Fumihiko Namba,
  • Masaki Shimizu,
  • Shigeharu Hosono,
  • Chika Morioka,
  • Motoichiro Sakurai,
  • Hiroshi Matsumoto,
  • Naoto Nishizaki,
  • Satoshi Toishi,
  • Harumi Otsuka,
  • Masahiko Sato,
  • Kenichiro Hirakawa,
  • Kenichiro Hosoi,
  • Keiji Goishi,
  • Yuji Ito,
  • Kyone Ko,
  • Hiromichi Shoji,
  • Atsuo Miyazawa,
  • Yuko Nagaoki,
  • Naoki Ito,
  • Shoko Ohashi,
  • Reiko Kushima,
  • Sakae Kumasaka,
  • Manabu Sugie,
  • Daisuke Haruhara,
  • Masahiro Kobayashi,
  • Satsuki Kakiuchi,
  • Riki Nishimura,
  • Kaoru Okazaki,
  • Hitoshi Yoda,
  • Atsushi Nakao,
  • Ichiro Morioka,
  • Daisuke Ogata,
  • Fumihiko Ishida,
  • Daisuke Nishi,
  • Miho Sato,
  • Ayako Fukuyama,
  • Kuriko Nakamura,
  • Kanji Ogo,
  • Masahiko Murase,
  • Katsuaki Toyoshima,
  • Isamu Hokuto,
  • Maha Suzuki,
  • Atsushi Uchiyama,
  • Yoshio Shima,
  • Hidehiko Nakanishi,
  • Atsushi Nemoto,
  • Tatsuya Yoda,
  • Yukihide Miyosawa,
  • Takehiko Hiroma,
  • Yosuke Shima,
  • Gen Kuratsuji,
  • Yoshihisa Nagayama,
  • Tohei Usuda,
  • Rei Kobayashi,
  • Hiroaki Imamura,
  • Takeshi Hutani,
  • Taketoshi Yoshida,
  • Azusa Kobayashi,
  • Kazuhide Ohta,
  • Shuya Nagaoki,
  • Yasuhisa Ueno,
  • Toru Ando,
  • Ritsuyo Taguchi,
  • Takashi Okuno,
  • Hiroshi Yamamoto,
  • Takeshi Arakawa,
  • Shinji Usui,
  • Yasushi Uchida,
  • Takashi Tachibana,
  • Tokuso Murabayashi,
  • Tadayuki Kumagai,
  • Shigeru Oki,
  • Reiji Nakano,
  • Taizo Ueno,
  • Mitsuhiro Ito,
  • Masami Shirai,
  • Akira Oishi,
  • Hikaru Yamamoto,
  • Hiroshi Takeshita,
  • Yuichi Kato,
  • Masashi Hayashi,
  • Kuniko Ieda,
  • Koji Takemoto,
  • Takako Hirooka,
  • Masashi Miyata,
  • Makoto Ohshiro,
  • Masanori Kowaki,
  • Osamu Shinohara,
  • Yasunori Koyama,
  • Osuke Iwata,
  • Takahiro Muramatsu,
  • Takashi Maeda,
  • Naoki Kamata,
  • Hiroshi Uchizono,
  • Kanemasa Maki,
  • Takahide Yanagi,
  • Kenji Nakamura,
  • Masahito Yamamoto,
  • Jitsuko Ohira,
  • Machiko Sawada,
  • Kozue Shiomi,
  • Ryosuke Araki,
  • Daisuke Kinoshita,
  • Ryuji Hasegawa,
  • Akira Nishimura,
  • Hiroshi Komatsu,
  • Koji Nozaki,
  • Shinsuke Adachi,
  • Toru Yamakawa,
  • Masahiko Kai,
  • Hiroshi Sumida,
  • Hirotaka Minami,
  • Kenji Mine,
  • Reiko Negi,
  • Satoru Ogawa,
  • Ryoko Yoshinare,
  • Yasuyuki Tokunaga,
  • Kiyoaki Sumi,
  • Akihiro Takatera,
  • Atsushi Ogihara,
  • Satoshi Onishi,
  • Tasho Kim,
  • Hiroyuki Ichiba,
  • Misao Yoshii,
  • Hitomi Okabe,
  • Yoshio Kusumoto,
  • Shinya Hirano,
  • Hiroshi Mizumoto,
  • Yae Michinomae,
  • Makoto Nabetani,
  • Takeshi Morisawa,
  • Dai Kataoka,
  • Takahiro Okutani,
  • Masaru Yamakawa,
  • Kazumichi Fujioka,
  • Tomoaki Ioroi,
  • Takeshi Utsunomiya,
  • Seiji Yoshimoto,
  • Tamaki Ohashi,
  • Toshiya Nishikubo,
  • Ken Kumagaya,
  • Akiko Tamura,
  • Masumi Miura,
  • Yuki Hasegawa,
  • Rie Kanai,
  • Kei Takemoto,
  • Misao Kageyama,
  • Takashi Nakano,
  • Hironobu Tokumasu,
  • Moriharu Sugimoto,
  • Rie Fukuhara,
  • Yutaka Nishimura,
  • Seiichi Hayakawa,
  • Yasuhiko Sera,
  • Masahiro Tahara,
  • Shinosuke Fukunaga,
  • Keiko Hasegawa,
  • Kazumasa Takahashi,
  • Hiroshi Tateishi,
  • Tomomasa Terada,
  • Takashi Yamagami,
  • Takahiko Saijo,
  • Kosuke Koyano,
  • Toru Kuboi,
  • Osamu Matsuda,
  • Shinosuke Akiyoshi,
  • Takahiro Motoki,
  • Yoichi Kondo,
  • Yusei Nakata,
  • Masahiro Kinoshita,
  • Masayuki Ochiai,
  • Toshinori Nakashima,
  • Toshiharu Hikino,
  • Shutaro Suga,
  • Mitsuaki Unno,
  • Hiroshi Kanda,
  • Yasushi Takahata,
  • Hiroyasu Kawano,
  • Takayuki Kokubo,
  • Toshimitsu Takayanagi,
  • Mikio Aoki,
  • Muneichiro Sumi,
  • Fumiko Kinoshita,
  • Tsutomu Ogata,
  • Kei Inomata,
  • Masanori Iwai,
  • Naoki Fukushima,
  • Koichi Iida,
  • Mitsushi Goushi,
  • Yuki Kodama,
  • Shuichi Yanagibe,
  • Yuko Maruyama,
  • Takuya Tokuhisa,
  • Yoriko Kisato,
  • Tatsuo Oshiro,
  • Kazuhiko Nakasone,
  • Asao Yara

摘要

Infants born in Japan are reported to have a low incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) among countries, and these differences remained significant after adjusting for common clinical factors. To investigate the impact of ethnic background, we compared the incidence of NEC between infants born in Japan and those born to mothers of Japanese ethnicity in California. Preterm infants born between 2008 and 2019 at 22–29 weeks of gestational age were analyzed retrospectively. Four groups were analyzed: infants born in Japan (JP), infants born in California to mothers born in Japan (JP-J), infants born in California to mothers with Japanese ethnicity but born in the United States or another country (JP-CA), and a comparison group of infants born in California to non-Hispanic White mothers (NHW-CA). Each cohort consisted of 52,049, 115, 226, and 12,275 infants, respectively. Unadjusted NEC incidences were significantly lower in JP compared to the other three cohorts (1.7% JP, 4.5% JP-J, 4.6% JP-CA, and 3.3% NHW-CA, respectively; p < 0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, odds ratios for NEC in JP vs. JP-J, JP-CA, and NHW-CA were 3.04 (1.18–7.80), 2.89 (1.45–5.75), and 1.96 (1.56–2.47), respectively. This study suggests that differences in NEC incidence in Japan are not explained by ethnicity.

Clinical trial regstration number: Registration numbers is UMIN000006961 (https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000008217) for the Neonatal Research Network of Japan. However, the the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative (CPQCC) aims only to assess neonatal outcomes for the purpose of quality assessment and improvement. So, no clinical trial number is available. Please refer to the web site https://www.cpqcc.org/.