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<p>Primary healthcare played a crucial role during the COVID-19 pandemic by preventing, timely diagnosing, and referring severe cases to hospitals, as well as monitoring and counseling patients via telemedicine. We used a cross-sectional approach to analyze the severity outcomes of 174,540 COVID-19 cases treated in primary care in Almaty between 2021 and 2022, by age, sex, disease severity, and comorbidities. Outpatients with COVID-19 were mainly aged 30–39 (20.3%) with a mild course (88.9%). Among adults, females predominated (≥ 60–25.5% vs. 19.2%, &lt; 0.001), and among children (0–17), boys − 21.2% vs. 12.1% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). A higher risk for moderate to severe COVID-19 and adverse outcomes was assessed among older adults, particularly those aged 60 and older compared with younger groups (OR = 9.01, 95% CI: 7.72–10.51). Pregnant women had a low risk of severe disease (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.38–0.65). Patients with concomitant disease were at higher likelihood of severe COVID-19 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.9–3.15 for obesity, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.27–1.6 for diabetes mellitus, OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.26 for arterial hypertension, and <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 2.13–3.02 for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). The study emphasizes an often-overlooked impact of COVID-19 on primary care, which is essential for improving outpatient care.</p>

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The burden of COVID-19 in primary care of Almaty, Kazakhstan, 2021–2022

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月12日

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  • Nailya Kozhekenova,
  • Sharapat Moiynbayeva,
  • Danilo Jeremic,
  • Milan Dinic,
  • Pavel Semenov,
  • Zhansaya Nurgaliyeva,
  • Shyryn Tolekova,
  • Anastassiya Miller,
  • Arshat Smasheva,
  • Milena Santric Milicevic

摘要

Primary healthcare played a crucial role during the COVID-19 pandemic by preventing, timely diagnosing, and referring severe cases to hospitals, as well as monitoring and counseling patients via telemedicine. We used a cross-sectional approach to analyze the severity outcomes of 174,540 COVID-19 cases treated in primary care in Almaty between 2021 and 2022, by age, sex, disease severity, and comorbidities. Outpatients with COVID-19 were mainly aged 30–39 (20.3%) with a mild course (88.9%). Among adults, females predominated (≥ 60–25.5% vs. 19.2%, < 0.001), and among children (0–17), boys − 21.2% vs. 12.1% (p < 0.001). A higher risk for moderate to severe COVID-19 and adverse outcomes was assessed among older adults, particularly those aged 60 and older compared with younger groups (OR = 9.01, 95% CI: 7.72–10.51). Pregnant women had a low risk of severe disease (OR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.38–0.65). Patients with concomitant disease were at higher likelihood of severe COVID-19 (p < 0.001, OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.9–3.15 for obesity, p < 0.001, OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.27–1.6 for diabetes mellitus, OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.26 for arterial hypertension, and p < 0.001, OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 2.13–3.02 for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). The study emphasizes an often-overlooked impact of COVID-19 on primary care, which is essential for improving outpatient care.