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<p><i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i> Dehn (Family <i>Myrtaceae</i>) is among the most prominent <i>Eucalyptus</i> species, extensively exploited for its anti-inflammatory efficacy. The present study undertakes a comparative phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of leaf and tissue culture (callus) extracts and their corresponding volatile oils. Methanolic extracts from both plant sources were subjected to liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS), revealing 32 phytoconstituents in leaf extracts and 54 in callus extracts. Identified chemical classes included flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, and phenolic acids, with higher relative abundance in callus-derived extracts. Volatile oil analysis using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) identified 58 compounds in leaf oil and 52 in callus oil. Quantitative profiling demonstrated a significant elevation in bioactive volatiles within callus oil: 1,8-cineole content showed a 2.1-fold increase compared to leaf oil, and both α-terpineol and sabinene exhibited approximately fourfold increases relative to leaf oil. Bioassays further indicated that callus extracts and volatile oils possess enhanced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, exhibiting higher potency than leaf-derived counterparts. Remarkably, the anti-inflammatory activity of callus volatile oil exceeded that of the standard pharmaceutical agent indomethacin. These findings underscore the potential of in vitro tissue culture as a biotechnological tool for amplifying the yield and bioactivity of secondary metabolites in <i>E. camaldulensis</i>.</p>

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Enhancing anti-inflammatory activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis by upregulating secondary metabolites using suspension cultures techniques

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • Mahrous H. Mahrous,
  • Atef MK Nassar,
  • Fathy K. EL-Fiky,
  • Hala M. Hammoda,
  • Amr El-Hawiet

摘要

Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn (Family Myrtaceae) is among the most prominent Eucalyptus species, extensively exploited for its anti-inflammatory efficacy. The present study undertakes a comparative phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of leaf and tissue culture (callus) extracts and their corresponding volatile oils. Methanolic extracts from both plant sources were subjected to liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS), revealing 32 phytoconstituents in leaf extracts and 54 in callus extracts. Identified chemical classes included flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, and phenolic acids, with higher relative abundance in callus-derived extracts. Volatile oil analysis using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) identified 58 compounds in leaf oil and 52 in callus oil. Quantitative profiling demonstrated a significant elevation in bioactive volatiles within callus oil: 1,8-cineole content showed a 2.1-fold increase compared to leaf oil, and both α-terpineol and sabinene exhibited approximately fourfold increases relative to leaf oil. Bioassays further indicated that callus extracts and volatile oils possess enhanced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, exhibiting higher potency than leaf-derived counterparts. Remarkably, the anti-inflammatory activity of callus volatile oil exceeded that of the standard pharmaceutical agent indomethacin. These findings underscore the potential of in vitro tissue culture as a biotechnological tool for amplifying the yield and bioactivity of secondary metabolites in E. camaldulensis.