<p>The development of modern particle accelerators such as FCC-ee requires improved energy efficiency. On the SRF cavity side, the intermetallic compound <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{Nb}{}_{3}\textrm{Sn}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;is a promising alternative to niobium: its higher critical temperature (18.3 K) results into a BCS surface resistance at 4.5 K comparable to the one of Nb at 2 K, potentially allowing improved performance and reduced cryogenic costs while maintaining operation at 4.5 K. However, its brittleness makes bulk machining impractical, restricting its application to thin-film coatings. This study presents <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{Nb}{}_{3}\textrm{Sn}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;thin films deposited on copper substrates via DCMS using a single stoichiometric target. The optimization of the deposition parameters via the evaluation of the critical temperature, morphology, elemental composition and crystalline structure of the films is outlined. A niobium buffer layer is implemented to prevent copper-tin interdiffusion, and plays a key role in the film quality. The results demonstrate <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{Nb}{}_{3}\textrm{Sn}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;films deposited at <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\le\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;<InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(650~^{\circ }\textrm{C}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> on copper substrates pre-coated with a 30&#xa0;µm niobium buffer layer which exhibit a critical temperature <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\ge\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> 17 K. The RF test of a film deposited via the same recipe on a bulk Nb QPR sample yielded an RF surface resistance of 23 n<InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> at 4.5&#xa0;K, 20&#xa0;mT and 400&#xa0;MHz. These findings open the way to a scalable approach to high-performance <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\textrm{Nb}{}_{3}\textrm{Sn}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>/Cu cavities.</p>

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Recipe optimization and SRF test of Cu-compatible Nb\({}_{3}\)Sn films by DC magnetron sputtering from a stoichiometric target

  • D. Fonnesu,
  • D. Ford,
  • E. Chyhyrynets,
  • S. Keckert,
  • J. Knobloch,
  • O. Kugeler,
  • M. Lazzari,
  • G. Marconato,
  • A. Salmaso,
  • A. Zubtsovskii,
  • C. Pira

摘要

The development of modern particle accelerators such as FCC-ee requires improved energy efficiency. On the SRF cavity side, the intermetallic compound \(\textrm{Nb}{}_{3}\textrm{Sn}\)  is a promising alternative to niobium: its higher critical temperature (18.3 K) results into a BCS surface resistance at 4.5 K comparable to the one of Nb at 2 K, potentially allowing improved performance and reduced cryogenic costs while maintaining operation at 4.5 K. However, its brittleness makes bulk machining impractical, restricting its application to thin-film coatings. This study presents \(\textrm{Nb}{}_{3}\textrm{Sn}\)  thin films deposited on copper substrates via DCMS using a single stoichiometric target. The optimization of the deposition parameters via the evaluation of the critical temperature, morphology, elemental composition and crystalline structure of the films is outlined. A niobium buffer layer is implemented to prevent copper-tin interdiffusion, and plays a key role in the film quality. The results demonstrate \(\textrm{Nb}{}_{3}\textrm{Sn}\)  films deposited at \(\le\)   \(650~^{\circ }\textrm{C}\) on copper substrates pre-coated with a 30 µm niobium buffer layer which exhibit a critical temperature \(\ge\) 17 K. The RF test of a film deposited via the same recipe on a bulk Nb QPR sample yielded an RF surface resistance of 23 n \(\Omega\) at 4.5 K, 20 mT and 400 MHz. These findings open the way to a scalable approach to high-performance \(\textrm{Nb}{}_{3}\textrm{Sn}\) /Cu cavities.