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<p>Barotrauma, caused by rapid pressure changes, poses a major risk to fish migrating downstream through hydropower turbines. This study investigated the sensitivity of larval and juvenile fish with different swim bladder morphology to barotrauma using a custom-built chamber. Four different representative species, namely the two cypriniform species common nase (<i>Chondrostoma nasus</i>) and roach (<i>Rutilus rutilus</i>), both physostomous species with a two-chambered swim bladder, European grayling (<i>Thymallus thymallus</i>) as physostomous species with a single-chambered swim bladder and European perch (<i>Perca fluviatilis</i>) as physoclistous species with a single chambered swim bladder were investigated. Fish were acclimated to 0- or 15-meters depth (101 and 251&#xa0;kPa, respectively) and exposed to rapid decompression to different nadirs (15, 30, 40, 60&#xa0;kPa) to simulate turbine passage as a basis to construct dose-response curves predicting lethal injury probabilities. Species- and stage-specific injury patterns emerged, with physostomous cypriniforms showing the highest sensitivity and suffering frequent swim bladder ruptures. Depth acclimation, particularly in E. grayling, increased vulnerability. Moreover, lower barotrauma-related mortality was observed under partial load conditions in Kaplan turbines compared to full load. These insights are of high relevance for predicting barotrauma-related injury risks across species, particularly for species-rich groups like Cypriniformes and Characiformes that share similar swim bladder traits, to support sustainable hydropower development.</p>

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Sensitivity of larval and juvenile fish with different swim bladder morphology to barotrauma with a special focus on Cypriniformes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月7日

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  • Andreas Zitek,
  • Wolfgang Gessl,
  • Peter Mehlmauer,
  • Clemens Ratschan,
  • Martin Schletterer,
  • Josef Schneider

摘要

Barotrauma, caused by rapid pressure changes, poses a major risk to fish migrating downstream through hydropower turbines. This study investigated the sensitivity of larval and juvenile fish with different swim bladder morphology to barotrauma using a custom-built chamber. Four different representative species, namely the two cypriniform species common nase (Chondrostoma nasus) and roach (Rutilus rutilus), both physostomous species with a two-chambered swim bladder, European grayling (Thymallus thymallus) as physostomous species with a single-chambered swim bladder and European perch (Perca fluviatilis) as physoclistous species with a single chambered swim bladder were investigated. Fish were acclimated to 0- or 15-meters depth (101 and 251 kPa, respectively) and exposed to rapid decompression to different nadirs (15, 30, 40, 60 kPa) to simulate turbine passage as a basis to construct dose-response curves predicting lethal injury probabilities. Species- and stage-specific injury patterns emerged, with physostomous cypriniforms showing the highest sensitivity and suffering frequent swim bladder ruptures. Depth acclimation, particularly in E. grayling, increased vulnerability. Moreover, lower barotrauma-related mortality was observed under partial load conditions in Kaplan turbines compared to full load. These insights are of high relevance for predicting barotrauma-related injury risks across species, particularly for species-rich groups like Cypriniformes and Characiformes that share similar swim bladder traits, to support sustainable hydropower development.