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<p>The continuous increase in antibiotic resistance necessitates a global need to search for new sustainable antimicrobial agents, such as plant-delivered antimicrobial components. This study investigates the antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of two tannins isolated from the flowers of <i>Jatropha integerrima</i> against multidrug-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. The two active tannins were isolated from the methanol-soluble portion of 70% aqueous methanol flower extract, by consecutive column chromatography. Their antimicrobial activity against the resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolate (BKP-122) was assessed through agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays. Their antibiofilm activity was evaluated by using the microtiter plate method and real-time PCR to reveal their effect on the biofilm-associated genes.</p><p>Their structures were identified as 2 hydrolysable ellagitannins, namely 1-<i>O</i>-galloyl-3,6-(<i>R</i>)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-<b>D</b>-B<sub>1,4</sub>-glucopyranose (Jatrophenin-1) and 1-<i>O</i>-galloyl-3,6-(<i>R</i>)-valoneoyl-<b>D</b>-B<sub>1,4</sub>-glucopyranose (Jatrophenin-2), together with vicenin-2, acacetin 7-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-<b>D</b>-glucopyranoside, (<i>E</i>)-<i>p</i>-coumaric acid, and sucrose, based on the chromatographic characters, <sup>1</sup>H-, and <sup>13</sup>C NMR analyses. They were found to have potent antimicrobial activity and antibiofilm activity against the resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolate (BKP-122). Real-time PCR analysis indicated that treatment with tannins resulted in the downregulation of critical biofilm-related genes, including <i>luxS</i>, <i>mrkA</i>, <i>pgaA</i>, <i>wzm</i>, and <i>wbbM</i>. Additionally, the two compounds showed high docking binding scores against Topoisomerase IV, KPLpxH, and <i>β</i>-lactamase enzymes, and stable complexes, as evidenced by binding energy values ranging from -8.2 to -10&#xa0;kcal/mol. These findings underscore the effectiveness of <i>J. integerrima</i> tannins as a viable therapeutic strategy to combat antibiotic resistance and biofilm-related infections, highlighting their role in modulating bacterial gene expression and biofilm development.</p>

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The gene-modulating power of Tannins isolated from Jatropha integerrima flowers on the transcriptomic profile of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月14日

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  • Fatma S. Mahrous,
  • Shimaa M. Khalifa,
  • Fatma Sayed Abdel-Aal Farag,
  • Mona Shaban E. M. Badawy,
  • Omnia Karem M. Riad,
  • Mona H. Ibrahim,
  • Maha M. Soltan,
  • Mohamed Marzouk

摘要

The continuous increase in antibiotic resistance necessitates a global need to search for new sustainable antimicrobial agents, such as plant-delivered antimicrobial components. This study investigates the antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of two tannins isolated from the flowers of Jatropha integerrima against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. The two active tannins were isolated from the methanol-soluble portion of 70% aqueous methanol flower extract, by consecutive column chromatography. Their antimicrobial activity against the resistant K. pneumoniae isolate (BKP-122) was assessed through agar well diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays. Their antibiofilm activity was evaluated by using the microtiter plate method and real-time PCR to reveal their effect on the biofilm-associated genes.

Their structures were identified as 2 hydrolysable ellagitannins, namely 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-D-B1,4-glucopyranose (Jatrophenin-1) and 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-valoneoyl-D-B1,4-glucopyranose (Jatrophenin-2), together with vicenin-2, acacetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, (E)-p-coumaric acid, and sucrose, based on the chromatographic characters, 1H-, and 13C NMR analyses. They were found to have potent antimicrobial activity and antibiofilm activity against the resistant K. pneumoniae isolate (BKP-122). Real-time PCR analysis indicated that treatment with tannins resulted in the downregulation of critical biofilm-related genes, including luxS, mrkA, pgaA, wzm, and wbbM. Additionally, the two compounds showed high docking binding scores against Topoisomerase IV, KPLpxH, and β-lactamase enzymes, and stable complexes, as evidenced by binding energy values ranging from -8.2 to -10 kcal/mol. These findings underscore the effectiveness of J. integerrima tannins as a viable therapeutic strategy to combat antibiotic resistance and biofilm-related infections, highlighting their role in modulating bacterial gene expression and biofilm development.