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<p>The manuscript investigates the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and zinc sulfate (applied singly or in combination) on seed germination traits of four spring rapeseed cultivars, including three open-pollinated varieties (Delgan, Zafar, and RGS003) and the hybrid variety Hayola 50, under varying drought stress conditions imposed on the mother plants. The study employs a split–plot design over two years, assessing several germination and vigor indices. The results showed that application of zinc fertilizer in the form of a combination of foliar application of zinc sulfate and zinc oxide nanoparticles (at a concentration of 5 ppm) to the mother plant at three growth stages, namely germination, flowering, and pod formation, generally improves germination performance, especially under drought stress.</p>

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Enhancing rapeseed germination by nano zinc oxide and zinc sulfate particles under interrupted irrigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月25日

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  • Seyed Davood Alavifard,
  • Mansour Taghvaei,
  • Ruhollah Naderi,
  • Mohsen Edalat,
  • Bahram Heidari,
  • Beata Dedicova

摘要

The manuscript investigates the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles and zinc sulfate (applied singly or in combination) on seed germination traits of four spring rapeseed cultivars, including three open-pollinated varieties (Delgan, Zafar, and RGS003) and the hybrid variety Hayola 50, under varying drought stress conditions imposed on the mother plants. The study employs a split–plot design over two years, assessing several germination and vigor indices. The results showed that application of zinc fertilizer in the form of a combination of foliar application of zinc sulfate and zinc oxide nanoparticles (at a concentration of 5 ppm) to the mother plant at three growth stages, namely germination, flowering, and pod formation, generally improves germination performance, especially under drought stress.