This paper presents a novel Mitochondrial Energy Production Optimization (MEPO) algorithm for enhancing grid-connected inverter control under weak grid conditions. The proposed bio-inspired approach addresses critical challenges in maintaining power quality and system stability in low Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) environments while ensuring robust performance during grid disturbances. A comprehensive LCL filter design achieves \(-53.31~\text {dB}\) magnitude attenuation with \(115.57^\circ\) phase margin at the resonant frequency of \(100~\text {kHz}\) , providing superior harmonic suppression. The MEPO controller demonstrates exceptional performance with current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of \(1.8\%\) , significantly outperforming Particle Swarm Optimization ( \(2.5\%\) ) and Genetic Algorithm ( \(2.7\%\) ) approaches. Dynamic response tests confirm rapid settling times of \(2.5~\text {ms}\) for current control and voltage regulation within \(\pm 1\%\) , while maintaining a power factor of 0.998. Experimental validation on a \(10~\text {kW}\) prototype verifies the algorithm’s effectiveness, achieving precise d-q axis current control with steady-state errors below \(0.5\%\) and robust frequency tracking at \(49.9~\text {Hz}\) . Rigorous statistical analysis across 100 independent trials validates the algorithm’s reliability with a \(95\%\) success rate and \(43.2\%\) faster convergence than conventional methods. The proposed MEPO solution represents a significant advancement in grid-connected inverter technology, particularly beneficial for renewable energy integration in weak grid environments.
