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<p>Cue-elicited habits are considered relevant in the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors. To investigate this mechanism in online shopping and gaming, this study developed and evaluated a short Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm with gaming- and shopping-related cues and a devaluation procedure. Additionally, the retest reliability of this short PIT paradigm was assessed. A sample with game use (<i>N</i> = 32) and a sample with use of shopping websites (<i>N</i> = 31) performed the PIT paradigm twice and an Approach-Avoidance Task in between. During both sessions of the PIT paradigm, either the gaming- or shopping-related reward (depending on the sample) was devalued by eliminating its availability. While gaming-related cues enhanced responding for the gaming-related reward (gaming PIT effect), shopping-related cues triggered responding for the shopping-related reward (shopping PIT effect). This cue-elicited responding was reduced, but not eliminated, after devaluation, which might indicate habit-like responding. Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed similar responding towards cues displaying favorite and non-favorite games/shopping websites. The magnitudes of the PIT effects demonstrated moderate stability. Although replication in clinical samples and over longer time intervals is warranted, our PIT paradigm may enable a reliable and economic assessment of cue-elicited responding in the context of gaming and online shopping.</p>

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Measuring cue-elicited responding in the context of gaming and online shopping: Validity and reliability of a short Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer paradigm

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

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  • Anna M. Schmid,
  • Patricia Schaar,
  • Ferdinand Gut,
  • Lilli Herbelßheimer,
  • Niklas Meurer,
  • Charlotte Arend,
  • Damla Seck,
  • Patrick Ort,
  • Astrid Müller,
  • Matthias Brand,
  • Sabine Steins-Loeber

摘要

Cue-elicited habits are considered relevant in the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors. To investigate this mechanism in online shopping and gaming, this study developed and evaluated a short Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm with gaming- and shopping-related cues and a devaluation procedure. Additionally, the retest reliability of this short PIT paradigm was assessed. A sample with game use (N = 32) and a sample with use of shopping websites (N = 31) performed the PIT paradigm twice and an Approach-Avoidance Task in between. During both sessions of the PIT paradigm, either the gaming- or shopping-related reward (depending on the sample) was devalued by eliminating its availability. While gaming-related cues enhanced responding for the gaming-related reward (gaming PIT effect), shopping-related cues triggered responding for the shopping-related reward (shopping PIT effect). This cue-elicited responding was reduced, but not eliminated, after devaluation, which might indicate habit-like responding. Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed similar responding towards cues displaying favorite and non-favorite games/shopping websites. The magnitudes of the PIT effects demonstrated moderate stability. Although replication in clinical samples and over longer time intervals is warranted, our PIT paradigm may enable a reliable and economic assessment of cue-elicited responding in the context of gaming and online shopping.