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<p>Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells of the uterine cervix, primarily caused by persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Women living with HIV are at a heightened risk of infection with high-risk HPV types. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and type-specific distribution of HPV among HIV-positive women with cervical cytologic abnormalities in Bahir Dar, northwestern Ethiopia. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-positive women in this region between January and March 2025. A total of 344 women were enrolled. Of these, 171 (49.7%) had a high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection. The type-specific distribution among the positive cases was as follows: HPV16, 37 (21.6%); HPV18, 15 (8.8%); HPV16 with other types, 24 (14.0%); HPV18 with other types, 7 (4.1%); both HPV16 and HPV18, 6 (3.5%); and other high-risk types, 82 (47.9%). Cytological analysis revealed that 81 women (23.55%) had abnormalities, while 263 (76.45%) had normal results. Among the abnormal cases, the findings were: 26 (32.1%) ASC-US, 22 (27.2%) LSIL, 14 (17.3%) ASC-H, 9 (11.1%) LSIL-H, and 10 (12.3%) HSIL. The study also found that HIV-positive women aged 31 and older had significantly higher odds of HR-HPV infection compared to younger women, with the peak risk observed in the 41–50 age group. Additional risk factors included higher parity, an early sexual debut, and having multiple sexual partners. Given the high prevalence of HR-HPV and its strong association with abnormal cytology, targeted preventive measures including enhanced screening, vaccination, and patient education are crucial for HIV-positive women, particularly in low-resource settings like northwestern Ethiopia.</p>

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High risk HPV among HIV positive women with normal and abnormal cervical cytology in Bahir Dar, north west Ethiopia

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月26日

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  • Alemayehu Abate,
  • Melkamnesh Azage

摘要

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that arises from the cells of the uterine cervix, primarily caused by persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Women living with HIV are at a heightened risk of infection with high-risk HPV types. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and type-specific distribution of HPV among HIV-positive women with cervical cytologic abnormalities in Bahir Dar, northwestern Ethiopia. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-positive women in this region between January and March 2025. A total of 344 women were enrolled. Of these, 171 (49.7%) had a high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection. The type-specific distribution among the positive cases was as follows: HPV16, 37 (21.6%); HPV18, 15 (8.8%); HPV16 with other types, 24 (14.0%); HPV18 with other types, 7 (4.1%); both HPV16 and HPV18, 6 (3.5%); and other high-risk types, 82 (47.9%). Cytological analysis revealed that 81 women (23.55%) had abnormalities, while 263 (76.45%) had normal results. Among the abnormal cases, the findings were: 26 (32.1%) ASC-US, 22 (27.2%) LSIL, 14 (17.3%) ASC-H, 9 (11.1%) LSIL-H, and 10 (12.3%) HSIL. The study also found that HIV-positive women aged 31 and older had significantly higher odds of HR-HPV infection compared to younger women, with the peak risk observed in the 41–50 age group. Additional risk factors included higher parity, an early sexual debut, and having multiple sexual partners. Given the high prevalence of HR-HPV and its strong association with abnormal cytology, targeted preventive measures including enhanced screening, vaccination, and patient education are crucial for HIV-positive women, particularly in low-resource settings like northwestern Ethiopia.