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<p>In this study, carbon–manganese dioxide (MnO<sub>2</sub>) composites were synthesized using carbon recovered from spent alkaline batteries through a simple wet-chemical process conducted at room temperature. The resulting materials were thoroughly characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and electrochemical techniques. The composites exhibited a well-defined structure and outstanding electrochemical performance. Specifically, the 0.01&#xa0;M MnO<sub>2</sub> composite delivered a high specific capacitance of 215.46&#xa0;F g<sup>− 1</sup> at a current density of 1&#xa0;A g<sup>− 1</sup> in 0.25&#xa0;M NaCl electrolyte and retained 91.3% of its capacitance after 2000 charge-discharge cycles - significantly outperforming pristine carbon (66.23% retention). Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that charge transfer from carbon to MnO<sub>2</sub> enhanced the composite’s electrical conductivity and contributed to lattice stability. This research not only demonstrates a promising approach to recycling spent batteries but also offers a cost-effective and eco-friendly strategy for developing high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials.</p>

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High-performance supercapacitors from composites derived from recycled alkaline batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • Thuy Trang T. Vuong,
  • Vu Van Thang,
  • Thi Nhan Tran,
  • Nguyen Minh Hieu,
  • Phi Long Nguyen,
  • Thi Viet Bac Phung

摘要

In this study, carbon–manganese dioxide (MnO2) composites were synthesized using carbon recovered from spent alkaline batteries through a simple wet-chemical process conducted at room temperature. The resulting materials were thoroughly characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and electrochemical techniques. The composites exhibited a well-defined structure and outstanding electrochemical performance. Specifically, the 0.01 M MnO2 composite delivered a high specific capacitance of 215.46 F g− 1 at a current density of 1 A g− 1 in 0.25 M NaCl electrolyte and retained 91.3% of its capacitance after 2000 charge-discharge cycles - significantly outperforming pristine carbon (66.23% retention). Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that charge transfer from carbon to MnO2 enhanced the composite’s electrical conductivity and contributed to lattice stability. This research not only demonstrates a promising approach to recycling spent batteries but also offers a cost-effective and eco-friendly strategy for developing high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials.