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<p>This paper introduces a novel broadband 3-dB coupler based on ridge gap waveguide (RGW) technology designed using supershapes to achieve exceptional bandwidth while maintaining a compact footprint. By leveraging the superformula—a parametric model capable of generating complex geometries with minimal computational effort-the proposed design enables efficient exploration of a wide design space. Furthermore, to ensure efficient excitation of the coupler across the entire operational bandwidth two novel transitions from RGW to coaxial line and double-ridge waveguide are designed. The proposed coupler achieves a fractional bandwidth of 75.8% over the 18–40&#xa0;GHz range (covering both K and Ka bands), featuring a return loss better than 18 dB, a coupling level of 3 ± 0.3 dB, isolation exceeding 22 dB, and a significantly compact footprint of 0.8λg—substantially smaller than conventional designs. Simulation and measurement results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach, demonstrating its suitability for high-performance broadband applications in microwave and millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems.</p>

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Extremely wideband ridge gap waveguide-based 3-dB coupler using supershaped coupling apertures

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  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月10日

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  • Davood Zarifi,
  • Ali Sabbaghi Saber,
  • Ali Farahbakhsh,
  • Michal Mrozowski

摘要

This paper introduces a novel broadband 3-dB coupler based on ridge gap waveguide (RGW) technology designed using supershapes to achieve exceptional bandwidth while maintaining a compact footprint. By leveraging the superformula—a parametric model capable of generating complex geometries with minimal computational effort-the proposed design enables efficient exploration of a wide design space. Furthermore, to ensure efficient excitation of the coupler across the entire operational bandwidth two novel transitions from RGW to coaxial line and double-ridge waveguide are designed. The proposed coupler achieves a fractional bandwidth of 75.8% over the 18–40 GHz range (covering both K and Ka bands), featuring a return loss better than 18 dB, a coupling level of 3 ± 0.3 dB, isolation exceeding 22 dB, and a significantly compact footprint of 0.8λg—substantially smaller than conventional designs. Simulation and measurement results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach, demonstrating its suitability for high-performance broadband applications in microwave and millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems.