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<p>This study explores the novel application of a pyridine-thiazole hybrid adsorbent, <b>MPHT 4</b>, for the efficient removal of methylene blue (MB) from contaminated water. The adsorbent was synthesized via a high-yield route and characterized using <sup>1</sup>H/<sup>13</sup>C NMR, IR spectroscopy, HRESI-MS, elemental analysis, SEM, and BET surface area measurements. SEM revealed a homogeneous morphology with low porosity, while BET analysis indicated a surface area of 68.83&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>/g and a total pore volume of 0.113&#xa0;cm³/g, classifying the material as a Type IV isotherm with micropores. The adsorption efficiency of <b>MPHT 4</b> was systematically evaluated, achieving 86.7% removal of 25 ppm MB at pH 7 with a dosage of 1.0&#xa0;g/L within 60&#xa0;min. Kinetic studies confirmed a pseudo-second-order mechanism, while equilibrium data best fit the Freundlich isotherm, indicating multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. Thermodynamic analysis revealed a spontaneous and exothermic process, supported by a negative ΔG° (− 18.39&#xa0;kJ/mol) and a positive ΔH° (29.92&#xa0;kJ/mol). The adsorbent exhibited excellent stability and reusability over six cycles, facilitated by electrostatic interactions between MB and the negatively charged surface (pHPZC = 7.8). These findings highlight <b>MPHT 4</b> as a promising, high-capacity adsorbent for MB removal, combining structural robustness, optimal porosity, and efficient regeneration for practical wastewater treatment applications.</p>

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Design and evaluation of a novel pyridine-thiazole hybrid adsorbent as high-capacity adsorbent for methylene blue removal from water

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月7日

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  • Mohamed Khalifa,
  • Ahmed Abdelkader,
  • Sama Ammar,
  • Omnia Khalifa,
  • Wafaa Mohamed,
  • Fatema Maklad,
  • Rahma Ayman,
  • Shaban Ali,
  • Asmaa Reda,
  • Eman Elsaka,
  • Israa Shokr,
  • Nihad Ghallab,
  • Esraa Elsobhy,
  • Shahd Elakraa,
  • Yasmeen Elmasry,
  • Reham Gaber,
  • Donia Farag,
  • Eslam Salama

摘要

This study explores the novel application of a pyridine-thiazole hybrid adsorbent, MPHT 4, for the efficient removal of methylene blue (MB) from contaminated water. The adsorbent was synthesized via a high-yield route and characterized using 1H/13C NMR, IR spectroscopy, HRESI-MS, elemental analysis, SEM, and BET surface area measurements. SEM revealed a homogeneous morphology with low porosity, while BET analysis indicated a surface area of 68.83 m2/g and a total pore volume of 0.113 cm³/g, classifying the material as a Type IV isotherm with micropores. The adsorption efficiency of MPHT 4 was systematically evaluated, achieving 86.7% removal of 25 ppm MB at pH 7 with a dosage of 1.0 g/L within 60 min. Kinetic studies confirmed a pseudo-second-order mechanism, while equilibrium data best fit the Freundlich isotherm, indicating multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. Thermodynamic analysis revealed a spontaneous and exothermic process, supported by a negative ΔG° (− 18.39 kJ/mol) and a positive ΔH° (29.92 kJ/mol). The adsorbent exhibited excellent stability and reusability over six cycles, facilitated by electrostatic interactions between MB and the negatively charged surface (pHPZC = 7.8). These findings highlight MPHT 4 as a promising, high-capacity adsorbent for MB removal, combining structural robustness, optimal porosity, and efficient regeneration for practical wastewater treatment applications.