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<p>In the present digital era, malware defences and attacks are becoming more difficult, creating a progressing cyberthreat landscape. With the fast development in technology, cyberthreats have shown improved intricacy and potency that frequently exceed the abilities of conventional defence systems. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technical development that allows machine-to-machine and human-to-human interaction for essential data exchange. The IoT provides numerous advantages but also builds several problems. Exposures in IoT methods are problematic and main to devices enduring various threats, with the danger of denial of service (DoS) and security challenges like privacy, confidentiality, and obtainability to assault. This manuscript proposes a cyberthreat defence mechanism using a Binary Ebola Optimization Search Algorithm and Ensemble Models (CDM-BEOSAEM) method. The main intention of the CDM-BEOSAEM method is to enhance the cyberattack detection method in an IoT environment. Initially, the min-max normalization is applied in the data normalization stage to convert input data into a beneficial format. Furthermore, the binary ebola optimization search algorithm (BEOSA) model recognizes the most appropriate features in the feature selection (FS) process. For the classification of cyberthreat defence, the proposed CDM-BEOSAEM model utilizes an ensemble of bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU), auto-encoders (AE), and graph convolutional network (GCN) techniques. Finally, the hyperparameter selection of ensemble models is performed by implementing the escape Coati Optimization Algorithm (eCOA) technique. The simulation of the CDM-BEOSAEM approach is accomplished under the ToN-IoT dataset, and the results are measured using various measures. The performance validation of the CDM-BEOSAEM approach portrayed a superior accuracy value of 99.29% over existing models.</p>

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Enhancing cyberthreat defense mechanisms using ensemble of representation learning with binary Ebola optimization search in internet of things environment

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • Meshari H. Alanazi,
  • Jawad Hasan Alkhateeb,
  • Hayam Alamro,
  • Mashael M. Asiri,
  • Sultan Alahmari,
  • Ali Alqazzaz,
  • Asma Alshuhail,
  • Hassan Alkhiri

摘要

In the present digital era, malware defences and attacks are becoming more difficult, creating a progressing cyberthreat landscape. With the fast development in technology, cyberthreats have shown improved intricacy and potency that frequently exceed the abilities of conventional defence systems. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a technical development that allows machine-to-machine and human-to-human interaction for essential data exchange. The IoT provides numerous advantages but also builds several problems. Exposures in IoT methods are problematic and main to devices enduring various threats, with the danger of denial of service (DoS) and security challenges like privacy, confidentiality, and obtainability to assault. This manuscript proposes a cyberthreat defence mechanism using a Binary Ebola Optimization Search Algorithm and Ensemble Models (CDM-BEOSAEM) method. The main intention of the CDM-BEOSAEM method is to enhance the cyberattack detection method in an IoT environment. Initially, the min-max normalization is applied in the data normalization stage to convert input data into a beneficial format. Furthermore, the binary ebola optimization search algorithm (BEOSA) model recognizes the most appropriate features in the feature selection (FS) process. For the classification of cyberthreat defence, the proposed CDM-BEOSAEM model utilizes an ensemble of bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU), auto-encoders (AE), and graph convolutional network (GCN) techniques. Finally, the hyperparameter selection of ensemble models is performed by implementing the escape Coati Optimization Algorithm (eCOA) technique. The simulation of the CDM-BEOSAEM approach is accomplished under the ToN-IoT dataset, and the results are measured using various measures. The performance validation of the CDM-BEOSAEM approach portrayed a superior accuracy value of 99.29% over existing models.