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<p>Nitrogenous (N) fertilizers are widely applied in agriculture for improving crop yield. However, significant quantity of chemically-applied N is lost leading to low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Therefore, two laboratory incubation studies were designed to evaluate the effects of different coating agents [no coating, neem (<i>Azadrichta indica</i>) oil coating and potassium ammonium phosphate (PAP) coating) on urea hydrolysis and nitrification under varying temperatures (25, 35 and 40&#xa0;°C) and moisture regimes (30, 60 and 90% of field capacity). Results revealed that the NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> concentrations increased both with temperature and moisture levels. Using the organic-coated neem oil coated urea (NOCU) significantly reduced the release of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>. Thereafter, a field experiment was conducted to explore the best coating agent [N<sub>0</sub>, 100% conventional urea, 75, 50 and 25% of recommended neem oil coated urea (NOCU)] using irrigated (Akbar-2019) and rainfed (Barani-2017) wheat cultivars. Even the reduced rates (50%) of the recommended NOCU performed at par to 100% recommended uncoated urea fertilizers. Application of 1% NOCU @ 75% of the recommended urea resulted in maximum grain yield (3.65 Mg ha<sup>− 1</sup>), N in roots (0.87%), N in straw (0.85%) and N in grains (1.07%) in irrigated wheat variety (Akbar-2019). Thus, using 1% neem oil coated urea @ 75% of the recommended uncoated urea has the potential to enhance the growth, yield, N uptake and NUE in wheat effectively under both rain fed and irrigated conditions.</p>

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Effects of coating agents on nitrogen dynamics and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under irrigated and rainfed conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月9日

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  • Amir Aziz,
  • Mukkram Ali Tahir,
  • Noor Us Sabah,
  • Muhammad Adnan,
  • Manzoor Ahmad,
  • Muhammad Romman,
  • Rattan Lal,
  • Shah Fahad,
  • Mostafa A. Abdel-Maksoud,
  • Sabiha Fatima,
  • Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani,
  • Abdelrahman M. Zakria

摘要

Nitrogenous (N) fertilizers are widely applied in agriculture for improving crop yield. However, significant quantity of chemically-applied N is lost leading to low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Therefore, two laboratory incubation studies were designed to evaluate the effects of different coating agents [no coating, neem (Azadrichta indica) oil coating and potassium ammonium phosphate (PAP) coating) on urea hydrolysis and nitrification under varying temperatures (25, 35 and 40 °C) and moisture regimes (30, 60 and 90% of field capacity). Results revealed that the NH4+ and NO3− concentrations increased both with temperature and moisture levels. Using the organic-coated neem oil coated urea (NOCU) significantly reduced the release of NH4+ and NO3−. Thereafter, a field experiment was conducted to explore the best coating agent [N0, 100% conventional urea, 75, 50 and 25% of recommended neem oil coated urea (NOCU)] using irrigated (Akbar-2019) and rainfed (Barani-2017) wheat cultivars. Even the reduced rates (50%) of the recommended NOCU performed at par to 100% recommended uncoated urea fertilizers. Application of 1% NOCU @ 75% of the recommended urea resulted in maximum grain yield (3.65 Mg ha− 1), N in roots (0.87%), N in straw (0.85%) and N in grains (1.07%) in irrigated wheat variety (Akbar-2019). Thus, using 1% neem oil coated urea @ 75% of the recommended uncoated urea has the potential to enhance the growth, yield, N uptake and NUE in wheat effectively under both rain fed and irrigated conditions.