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<p>Hindgut microbiota plays a crucial role in small ruminant health and productivity, with diet being a key influencing factor. This study aimed to investigate the hindgut microbiota profile and functional prediction in sheep fed with different dietary calcium levels. Thirty male Yunnan Semi-Fine Wool rams (10&#xa0;months old, 40.37 ± 0.49&#xa0;kg) were randomly assigned to three dietary calcium levels: 0.53% (Q_1), 0.74% (Q_3), and 0.98% (Q_5) on a dry matter basis. On day 21, fecal samples (n = 9/group) were analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing. Alpha diversity metrics showed higher species richness and evenness in Q_5 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while beta diversity analysis (Bray–Curtis/UniFrac) demonstrated distinct difference between groups (PERMANOVA, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Taxonomic profiling identified <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Bacteroidetes</i> as dominant phyla (60–80% relative abundance), with Q_5 enriched in SCFA-producers (<i>Faecalibacterium, Roseburia</i>) and Q_3 favoring mucin-degrading <i>Bacteroides</i>. Differential abundance analysis confirmed these patterns, revealing significant enrichment of <i>Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010</i> and <i>Eubacterium coprostanoligenes</i>. Functional prediction linked these taxonomic shifts to metabolic specialization: Q_5 showed elevated butyrate production pathways (pyruvate fermentation: + 1.8 log2FC), while Q_3 had enhanced nucleotide biosynthesis (purine pathways, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). These findings suggest that dietary calcium modulates hindgut microbiota, influencing metabolic pathways linked to energy production and protein synthesis, with potential benefits for sheep productivity.</p>

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Hindgut microbiota profiling and functional prediction of sheep (Ovis aries) fed with different dietary calcium levels

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月15日

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  • Muhammad Khan,
  • Xiaoqi Zhao,
  • Xiaojun Ni,
  • Baiji Danzeng,
  • Sikandar Ali,
  • Maida Mushtaq,
  • Hongyuan Yang,
  • Jiachong Liang,
  • Syed Khurram Fareed,
  • Bai Xue,
  • Guobo Quan

摘要

Hindgut microbiota plays a crucial role in small ruminant health and productivity, with diet being a key influencing factor. This study aimed to investigate the hindgut microbiota profile and functional prediction in sheep fed with different dietary calcium levels. Thirty male Yunnan Semi-Fine Wool rams (10 months old, 40.37 ± 0.49 kg) were randomly assigned to three dietary calcium levels: 0.53% (Q_1), 0.74% (Q_3), and 0.98% (Q_5) on a dry matter basis. On day 21, fecal samples (n = 9/group) were analyzed via 16S rRNA sequencing. Alpha diversity metrics showed higher species richness and evenness in Q_5 (p < 0.05), while beta diversity analysis (Bray–Curtis/UniFrac) demonstrated distinct difference between groups (PERMANOVA, p = 0.001). Taxonomic profiling identified Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes as dominant phyla (60–80% relative abundance), with Q_5 enriched in SCFA-producers (Faecalibacterium, Roseburia) and Q_3 favoring mucin-degrading Bacteroides. Differential abundance analysis confirmed these patterns, revealing significant enrichment of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes. Functional prediction linked these taxonomic shifts to metabolic specialization: Q_5 showed elevated butyrate production pathways (pyruvate fermentation: + 1.8 log2FC), while Q_3 had enhanced nucleotide biosynthesis (purine pathways, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that dietary calcium modulates hindgut microbiota, influencing metabolic pathways linked to energy production and protein synthesis, with potential benefits for sheep productivity.