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<p>Siderophore production is a key fitness trait for bacteria, particularly in iron-limited environments such as marine ecosystems and host tissues. In this study, we identify the <i>tenABECDC2D2hp1-4</i> gene cluster as responsible for siderophore biosynthesis in <i>Tenacibaculum maritimum</i>, confirmed through genome analysis and a <i>tenCD</i>-inactivated mutant. This cluster, highly similar to the desferrioxamine biosynthesis system in <i>Streptomyces coelicolor</i>, features a unique <i>tenCD</i> duplication/fusion, essential for siderophore formation. Additionally, accessory genes (<i>hp1-4</i>) encode functions such as nitroreductase and <i>N</i>-acetyltransferase, likely contributing to siderophore diversification. LC/MS analysis of <i>T. maritimum</i> cultures revealed the production of 20 amphiphilic, acylated desferrioxamine-like siderophores. These findings provide new insights into the genetic and metabolic versatility of marine pathogens in iron acquisition.</p>

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Genetic and biochemical insights into siderophore biosynthesis in the marine fish pathogen Tenacibaculum maritimum

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月19日

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  • M. Pilar Escribano,
  • Lucía Ageitos,
  • Miguel Balado,
  • Larissa Buedenbender,
  • Jaime Rodríguez,
  • Carlos Jiménez,
  • Beatriz Magariños,
  • Manuel L. Lemos

摘要

Siderophore production is a key fitness trait for bacteria, particularly in iron-limited environments such as marine ecosystems and host tissues. In this study, we identify the tenABECDC2D2hp1-4 gene cluster as responsible for siderophore biosynthesis in Tenacibaculum maritimum, confirmed through genome analysis and a tenCD-inactivated mutant. This cluster, highly similar to the desferrioxamine biosynthesis system in Streptomyces coelicolor, features a unique tenCD duplication/fusion, essential for siderophore formation. Additionally, accessory genes (hp1-4) encode functions such as nitroreductase and N-acetyltransferase, likely contributing to siderophore diversification. LC/MS analysis of T. maritimum cultures revealed the production of 20 amphiphilic, acylated desferrioxamine-like siderophores. These findings provide new insights into the genetic and metabolic versatility of marine pathogens in iron acquisition.