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<p>Frequent use of antibiotics increases the incidence of antimicrobial-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in atopic dermatitis (AD), which prompts the search for new treatments. Monolaurin is a chemical byproduct found in coconut oil and has anti-bacterial properties. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of monolaurin on antimicrobial-resistant <i>S. aureus</i>. Thirty children and thirty adults diagnosed with AD were recruited and swabbed at three different sites: lesion, non-lesion, and nasal mucosa. Methicillin resistance and high-level mupirocin resistance in <i>S. aureus</i> were identified using <i>mecA</i> and <i>mupA</i> PCR, respectively, whilst fusidic acid resistance were detected by <i>fusA</i> gene sequencing. The broth microdilution method and tetrazolium bromide assays were used for monolaurin susceptibility and cellular cytotoxicity, respectively. We show that <i>S. aureus</i> was frequently isolated from lesions of both children and adults with AD. One isolate of methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) harboring <i>mec</i>A, one isolate of mupirocin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> harboring <i>mup</i>A, and four isolates of fusidic acid-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> with novel point mutations of <i>fus</i>A were found in the children group. In silico molecular docking showed that these mutants interacted weakly with fusidic acid, explaining the mechanism of drug resistance. Monolaurin inhibited these antimicrobial-resistant S. <i>aureus</i> isolates with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 2&#xa0;µg/mL without cytotoxicity to cultured epidermal and dermal cells. These data show that monolaurin could potentially be used to inhibit antimicrobial-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> in AD patients.</p>

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Monolaurin inhibits antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients with atopic dermatitis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月2日

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  • Matchima Laowansiri,
  • Supaporn Suwanchote,
  • Dhammika Leshan Wannigama,
  • Vishnu Nayak Badavath,
  • Parichart Hongsing,
  • Steven W Edwards,
  • Narissara Suratannon,
  • Pantipa Chatchatee,
  • Pattamon Lertpichitkul,
  • Pawinee Rerknimitr,
  • Karaked Chantawarangul,
  • Susheera Chatproedprai,
  • Siriwan Wananukul,
  • Arsa Thammahong,
  • Rongpong Plongla,
  • Pattrarat Chanachaithong,
  • Warinthorn Chavasiri,
  • Tanittha Chatsuwan,
  • Direkrit Chiewchengchol

摘要

Frequent use of antibiotics increases the incidence of antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis (AD), which prompts the search for new treatments. Monolaurin is a chemical byproduct found in coconut oil and has anti-bacterial properties. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of monolaurin on antimicrobial-resistant S. aureus. Thirty children and thirty adults diagnosed with AD were recruited and swabbed at three different sites: lesion, non-lesion, and nasal mucosa. Methicillin resistance and high-level mupirocin resistance in S. aureus were identified using mecA and mupA PCR, respectively, whilst fusidic acid resistance were detected by fusA gene sequencing. The broth microdilution method and tetrazolium bromide assays were used for monolaurin susceptibility and cellular cytotoxicity, respectively. We show that S. aureus was frequently isolated from lesions of both children and adults with AD. One isolate of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) harboring mecA, one isolate of mupirocin-resistant S. aureus harboring mupA, and four isolates of fusidic acid-resistant S. aureus with novel point mutations of fusA were found in the children group. In silico molecular docking showed that these mutants interacted weakly with fusidic acid, explaining the mechanism of drug resistance. Monolaurin inhibited these antimicrobial-resistant S. aureus isolates with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 2 µg/mL without cytotoxicity to cultured epidermal and dermal cells. These data show that monolaurin could potentially be used to inhibit antimicrobial-resistant S. aureus in AD patients.