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<p>This study analyzes the distribution, genetic diversity, and spread of <i>Anopheles stephensi</i> in Kenya following initial detection in December 2022. A total of 114 larval and 33 adult <i>An. stephensi</i> samples were confirmed in 7 of 18 surveyed counties majorly along transportation routes. Genetic analyses revealed three distinct genetic compositions with different levels of genetic diversity, suggesting multiple introductions into the country. The genetic composition of mosquitoes in most counties resembled southern Ethiopian populations, while those from Turkana showed a unique haplotype. A species distribution model predicts a more extensive range than currently observed, with low precipitation and minimal seasonal temperature variations as key factors influencing distribution. Challenges in adult sampling were noted, with larval sampling revealing co-occurrence with native <i>Anopheles</i> species. The findings have implications for surveillance and control strategies, emphasizing the need for continued monitoring, refined sampling techniques to inform bionomics, and cross-border collaboration.</p>

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Spatial distribution and population structure of the invasive Anopheles stephensi in Kenya from 2022 to 2024

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

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  • Jeanne N. Samake,
  • Duncan K. Athinya,
  • Sylvia Milanoi,
  • Edith Ramaita,
  • Margaret Muchoki,
  • Seline Omondi,
  • Bernard Abong’o,
  • Damaris Matoke-Muhia,
  • Charles Mbogo,
  • Kibor Keitany,
  • Wolfgang Richard Mukabana,
  • Florence Oyieke,
  • Mildred Shieshia,
  • Monica Mburu,
  • Sheila Ogoma,
  • Elizabeth Nyawira,
  • Celestine Wekesa,
  • Brian Bartilol,
  • Martin Rono,
  • Marta Maia,
  • Wendy O’Meara,
  • Samuel Kahindi,
  • Cristina Rafferty,
  • Jonathan S. Schultz,
  • Julie R. Gutman,
  • John E. Gimnig,
  • Sarah Zohdy,
  • Eric Ochomo

摘要

This study analyzes the distribution, genetic diversity, and spread of Anopheles stephensi in Kenya following initial detection in December 2022. A total of 114 larval and 33 adult An. stephensi samples were confirmed in 7 of 18 surveyed counties majorly along transportation routes. Genetic analyses revealed three distinct genetic compositions with different levels of genetic diversity, suggesting multiple introductions into the country. The genetic composition of mosquitoes in most counties resembled southern Ethiopian populations, while those from Turkana showed a unique haplotype. A species distribution model predicts a more extensive range than currently observed, with low precipitation and minimal seasonal temperature variations as key factors influencing distribution. Challenges in adult sampling were noted, with larval sampling revealing co-occurrence with native Anopheles species. The findings have implications for surveillance and control strategies, emphasizing the need for continued monitoring, refined sampling techniques to inform bionomics, and cross-border collaboration.