Expected health risk out of black carbon and particulate matter in the indoor environment of an industrial cluster of chandigarh in India
摘要
The global increase in industrialization and its attendant exponential air pollution has posed a significant hazard to the indoor pollution levels of cities and the associated health risks. This study evaluated the health effects of air pollutants discovered inside the bottling industries in Chandigarh cluster in India. PM10, PM2.5, PM1, and black carbon concentrations in the post-monsoon season were monitored, and associated health implications and lung disease were estimated. A positive correlation is established between PM in indoor and outdoor environments. Maximum concentrations for PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 were recorded as 276.8 µg/m3, 97.7 µg/m3 and 66.5 µg/m3 (for indoor) respectively, which are approximately 15 and 6 times higher than their (PM10 and PM2.5) allowable concentrations set by World Health Organization, posing a health threat to the workers and staff of the industries. The lifetime carcinogenic risk of black carbon and the non-carcinogenic risk of particulate matter and black carbon have been assessed using a deterministic and probabilistic model, which shows the marginal difference. The estimated lifetime carcinogenic risk due to black carbon for males and females was observed in the range of 7.20E-05 to 6.17E-05. The spirometry analysis indicates that about 13.04% of the sample population (out of 184 samples) have healthy lungs.