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<p>Starfish <i>(Asterias amurensis)</i> are important predators in the marine benthic environment, preying on mollusks and echinoderms. Their waste also causes significant environmental harm. However, starfish contain a variety of nutrients and biologically active compounds that require further investigation. To maintain marine ecosystems and address environmental waste, lipids were extracted from <i>A. amurensis</i> skin, and their immune-enhancing effects were evaluated in cyclophosphamide (CY)- induced immunosuppressive mice. <i>A. amurensis</i> lipids were combined with PEG 6000 (AA-PEG), which contains a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, 49.44%), primarily C20:5n3. Mice were administered various dosages of AA-PEG, ranging from 50 to 200&#xa0;mg/kg body weight (BW) via oral delivery and CY injection. Results revealed that AA-PEG at 150&#xa0;mg/kg BW promoted the recovery of cellular immune function in both splenocytes from the spleen and peritoneal macrophages, similar to the normal group. Administration of AA-PEG (50–150&#xa0;mg/kg BW) gradually raised the spleen index (2.2–2.5&#xa0;mg/g) and natural killer (NK) cell activity (91–102%), and enhanced ConA- or LPS-stimulated splenocyte proliferation. Subsets of T -lymphocytes (CD4 + and CD8+) does-dependently increased by AA-PEG. The phagocytic capacity (58–82%) and proliferation (69–98%) of peritoneal macrophages, which had been reduced by CY, were restored with AA-PEG. AA-PEG boosts immunity by promoting nitric oxide (NO) generation (84–103%). Furthermore, AA-PEG has been shown to increase immune-related cytokines in splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages, indicating a potential enhancement of Th1 and Th2 activity. These results suggest that AA-PEG restored the immune function of immunosuppressed mice and could be used as an effective immunomodulatory agent, which may play a crucial role in maintaining environmental sustainability.</p>

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Asterias amurensis lipids enhance the immunity of immunosuppressed mice as sustainable marine-eco materials

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月16日

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  • Ju Hyun Nam,
  • JeongUn Choi,
  • Weerawan Rod-in,
  • A-yeong Jang,
  • Jun Jae Jung,
  • Sang-min Lee,
  • Woo Jung Park

摘要

Starfish (Asterias amurensis) are important predators in the marine benthic environment, preying on mollusks and echinoderms. Their waste also causes significant environmental harm. However, starfish contain a variety of nutrients and biologically active compounds that require further investigation. To maintain marine ecosystems and address environmental waste, lipids were extracted from A. amurensis skin, and their immune-enhancing effects were evaluated in cyclophosphamide (CY)- induced immunosuppressive mice. A. amurensis lipids were combined with PEG 6000 (AA-PEG), which contains a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, 49.44%), primarily C20:5n3. Mice were administered various dosages of AA-PEG, ranging from 50 to 200 mg/kg body weight (BW) via oral delivery and CY injection. Results revealed that AA-PEG at 150 mg/kg BW promoted the recovery of cellular immune function in both splenocytes from the spleen and peritoneal macrophages, similar to the normal group. Administration of AA-PEG (50–150 mg/kg BW) gradually raised the spleen index (2.2–2.5 mg/g) and natural killer (NK) cell activity (91–102%), and enhanced ConA- or LPS-stimulated splenocyte proliferation. Subsets of T -lymphocytes (CD4 + and CD8+) does-dependently increased by AA-PEG. The phagocytic capacity (58–82%) and proliferation (69–98%) of peritoneal macrophages, which had been reduced by CY, were restored with AA-PEG. AA-PEG boosts immunity by promoting nitric oxide (NO) generation (84–103%). Furthermore, AA-PEG has been shown to increase immune-related cytokines in splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages, indicating a potential enhancement of Th1 and Th2 activity. These results suggest that AA-PEG restored the immune function of immunosuppressed mice and could be used as an effective immunomodulatory agent, which may play a crucial role in maintaining environmental sustainability.