<p>Thrombotic complications are common in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, with pulmonary embolism (PE) being the most frequent. Randomised trials have provided inconclusive results on the optimal dosage of thromboprophylaxis in critically ill COVID-19 patients. We utilized data from the multicentre CAPACITY-COVID patient registry to assess the effect of differential application of Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) dose protocols on PE and in-hospital mortality risk in critically ill COVID-19 patients. An instrumental variable analysis was performed to estimate the intention-to-treat effect, utilizing differences in thromboprophylaxis prescribing behaviour between hospitals. We included 939 patients with PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from 34 hospitals. Two-hundred-and-one patients (21%) developed a PE. The adjusted cause-specific HR of PE was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.73–1.16) per doubling of LMWH dose. The adjusted cause-specific HR for in-hospital mortality was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.65–1.02) per doubling of LMWH dose. This dose–response relationship was shown to be non-linear. To conclude, this study did not find evidence for an effect of LMWH dose on the risk of PE, but suggested a non-linear decreased risk of in-hospital mortality for higher doses of LMWH. However, uncertainty remains, and the dose–response relationship between LMWH dose and in-hospital mortality needs further investigation in well-designed studies.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Assessing differential application of thromboprophylaxis regimes related to risk of pulmonary embolism and mortality in COVID-19 patients through instrumental variable analysis

  • Linda Nab,
  • Chantal Visser,
  • Bas C. T. van Bussel,
  • Albertus Beishuizen,
  • Remy H. H. Bemelmans,
  • Hugo ten Cate,
  • F. Nanne Croles,
  • Coen van Guldener,
  • C. Peter C. de Jager,
  • Menno V. Huisman,
  • Marten. R. Nijziel,
  • Pieter W. Kamphuisen,
  • Frederikus A. Klok,
  • Stephanie C. E. Koster,
  • Nuray Kuşadasi,
  • Karina Meijer,
  • Corstiaan A. den Uil,
  • Roger E. G. Schutgens,
  • Frank Stam,
  • Alexander P. J. Vlaar,
  • Eline A. Vlot,
  • Marijke P. M. Linschoten,
  • Folkert W. Asselbergs,
  • Marieke J. H. A. Kruip,
  • Saskia le Cessie,
  • Suzanne C. Cannegieter,
  • J. van den Akker,
  • A. K. Al-Ali,
  • F. A. Al-Muhanna,
  • N. Y. Y. Al-Windy,
  • Y. A. Almubarak,
  • A. N. Alnafie,
  • M. Alshahrani,
  • A. M. Alshehri,
  • R. L. Anthonio,
  • M. L. Antoni,
  • A. Aujayeb,
  • D. van de Beek,
  • J. M. ten Berg,
  • T. W. van de Berg,
  • R. Bierings,
  • M. van den Biggelaar,
  • W. G. Boersma,
  • B. van den Borst,
  • M. H. Bos,
  • F. Boutkourt,
  • A. J. M. van Boxem,
  • R. E. Brouwer,
  • M. C. Brouwer,
  • R. A. G. Brüggeman,
  • J. L. I. Burggraaf,
  • S. Bruin,
  • G. Captur,
  • M. Caputo,
  • A. J. ten Cate-Hoek,
  • N. Charlotte,
  • M. Coppens,
  • A. Cornet,
  • O. L. Cremer,
  • P. Dark,
  • J. De Sutter,
  • C. E. Delsing,
  • H. G. R. Dorman,
  • J. T. Drost,
  • R. A. Douma,
  • H. C. J. Eikenboom,
  • J. L. J. Ellerbroek,
  • M. E. Emans,
  • H. Endeman,
  • N. van Es,
  • P. L. den Exter,
  • H. J. Faber,
  • J. Faber,
  • L. M. Faber,
  • J. B. Ferreira,
  • B. Festen,
  • B. Franken,
  • L. Gabriel,
  • W. H. van Gilst,
  • J. J. M. Geelhoed,
  • G. J. Geersing,
  • M. Goeijenbier,
  • D. A. M. P. J. Gommers,
  • E. C. M. van Gorp,
  • B. E. Groenemeijer,
  • M. J. J. H. Grootenboers,
  • L. R. de Haan,
  • T. F. van Haaps,
  • T. M. Hackeng,
  • H. E. Haerkens-Arends,
  • G. R. Hajer,
  • P. van der Harst,
  • B. Hedayat,
  • D. J. van der Heijden,
  • E. Hellou,
  • Y. M. C. Henskens,
  • L. M. Hessels,
  • R. S. Hermanides,
  • J. F. Hermans-van Ast,
  • C. M. P. M. Hertogh,
  • M. W. J. van Hessen,
  • L. M. A. Heunks,
  • S. R. B. Heymans,
  • I. C. C. van der Horst,
  • M. M. C. Hovens,
  • J. G. Hugtenburg,
  • A. M. Hulshof,
  • N. G. M. Hunfeld,
  • S. H. van Ierssel,
  • L. S. Jewbali,
  • C. M. M. de Jong,
  • E. de Jonge,
  • N. P. Juffermans,
  • H. A. H. Kaasjager,
  • M. Kant,
  • F. H. J. Kaptein,
  • M. T. Kearney,
  • E. K. Kempers,
  • H. A. M. van Kesteren,
  • M. E. Kevenaar,
  • B. L. J. H. Kietselaer,
  • F. S. Kleijwegt,
  • A. M. H. Koning,
  • M. P. G. Koopmans,
  • J. van Kooten,
  • P. Y. Kopylov,
  • J. G. Krabbe,
  • K. Kramers,
  • L. J. M. Kroft,
  • A. F. M. Kuijper,
  • T. Kuiken,
  • J. M. Kwakkel-van Erp,
  • B. Laat,
  • T. Langerak,
  • A. Lansbergen,
  • M. N. Lauw,
  • I. van der Lee,
  • F. W. G. Leebeek,
  • J. Leentjes,
  • W. M. Lijfering,
  • M. M. J. M. van der Linden,
  • G. C. M. Linssen,
  • T. Lisman,
  • C. Maas,
  • M. P. M. de Maat,
  • R. Macias Ruiz,
  • F. J. H. Magdelijns,
  • F. M. A. C. Martens,
  • G. P. McCann,
  • P. van der Meer,
  • J. C. M. Meijers,
  • D. A. M. Meijs,
  • M. F. L. Meijs,
  • P. Messiaen,
  • S. Middeldorp,
  • P. S. Monraats,
  • L. Montagna,
  • P. van Montfort,
  • A. Moriarty,
  • A. Mosterd,
  • M. M. G. Mulder,
  • M. C. A. Müller,
  • P. R. Nierop,
  • L. Nieuwenhuizen,
  • M. Nijkeuter,
  • M. K. Ninaber,
  • D. Noack,
  • E. J. Nossent,
  • R. H. Olie,
  • C. E. E. van Ofwegen-Hanekamp,
  • E. A. N. Oostdijk,
  • M. S. Paats,
  • Y. M. Pinto,
  • R. Pisters,
  • H. Poorhosseini,
  • S. Prasad,
  • H. Putter,
  • M. P. Raadsen,
  • S. R. S. Ramai,
  • J. Redón,
  • A. C. Reidinga,
  • M. I. A. Ribeiro,
  • D. P. Ripley,
  • B. Rockx,
  • T. Roest,
  • C. Rokx,
  • A. M. R. Rondon,
  • A. H. E. Roukens,
  • R. Salah,
  • E. Saneei,
  • M. Saxena,
  • J. Schaap,
  • D. A. A. M. Schellings,
  • I. M. Schrover,
  • C. A. M. Schurink,
  • L. J. Schurgers,
  • A. Schut,
  • A. Shafiee,
  • A. C. Shore,
  • H. J. Siebelink,
  • K. S. Simons,
  • M. van Smeden,
  • M. J. R. Smeets,
  • P. C. Smits,
  • Y. M. Smulders,
  • Y. L. Soei,
  • B. M. Sondermeijer,
  • B. Spaetgens,
  • H. M. H. Spronk,
  • S. Stads,
  • M. A. M. Stals,
  • A. Stemerdink,
  • E. Tessitore,
  • Y. I. G. Tichelaar,
  • R. G. Tieleman,
  • J. Tijmensen,
  • P. Timmermans Jr,
  • R. A. Tio,
  • F. V. Y. Tjong,
  • K. Tong-Minh,
  • L. M. van den Toorn,
  • P. R. Tuinman,
  • D. J. L. van Twist,
  • R. T. Urbanus,
  • E. M. Van Craenenbroeck,
  • H. P. A. A. van Veen,
  • T. Veneman,
  • D. O. Verschure,
  • H. H. Versteeg,
  • R. Vink,
  • H. W. Vliegen,
  • B. J. M. van Vlijmen,
  • A. Vonk Noordegraaf,
  • J. Voorberg,
  • J. K. de Vries,
  • E. G. M. Waal,
  • R. M. A. van de Wal,
  • D. J. van de Watering,
  • I. C. D. Westendorp,
  • P. H. M. Westendorp,
  • B. D. Westerhof,
  • J. Westerink,
  • C. Weytjens,
  • E. Wierda,
  • B. Williams,
  • E. J. Wils,
  • K. Winckers,
  • M.ten Wolde,
  • P. Woudstra,
  • K. W. Wu,
  • R. Zaal,
  • A. G. Zaman,
  • P. M. van der Zee

摘要

Thrombotic complications are common in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, with pulmonary embolism (PE) being the most frequent. Randomised trials have provided inconclusive results on the optimal dosage of thromboprophylaxis in critically ill COVID-19 patients. We utilized data from the multicentre CAPACITY-COVID patient registry to assess the effect of differential application of Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) dose protocols on PE and in-hospital mortality risk in critically ill COVID-19 patients. An instrumental variable analysis was performed to estimate the intention-to-treat effect, utilizing differences in thromboprophylaxis prescribing behaviour between hospitals. We included 939 patients with PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from 34 hospitals. Two-hundred-and-one patients (21%) developed a PE. The adjusted cause-specific HR of PE was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.73–1.16) per doubling of LMWH dose. The adjusted cause-specific HR for in-hospital mortality was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.65–1.02) per doubling of LMWH dose. This dose–response relationship was shown to be non-linear. To conclude, this study did not find evidence for an effect of LMWH dose on the risk of PE, but suggested a non-linear decreased risk of in-hospital mortality for higher doses of LMWH. However, uncertainty remains, and the dose–response relationship between LMWH dose and in-hospital mortality needs further investigation in well-designed studies.