UWB/MEMS IMU integrated positioning method based on NLOS angle discrimination and MAP constraints

A dynamic nonline-of-sight (NLOS) angle discrimination method is proposed to address the insufficiency of current research on the NLOS error characteristics of ultrawideband (UWB) signals in dynamic environments as well as the problem that UWB signals frequently suffer from occlusion, leading to poor or impossible localization. The experimental results indicate that the degree of UWB signal occlusion increases as the horizontal angle decreases, and when the horizontal angle is less than 167°, the UWB ranging error is so large that no ranging value is available. On this basis, a tightly integrated UWB/MEMS IMU positioning algorithm incorporating NLOS angle discrimination and map constraints is proposed; it employs horizontal angles to discriminate UWB ranging values in NLOS environments in accordance with the dynamic NLOS characteristics of UWB signals to assign better weights to UWB observations. Through comparative analysis of the results from both groups of experiments, the algorithm achieved northward, eastward, and planar positioning errors of 0.189 m and 0.126 m, 0.119 m and 0.134 m, 0.243 m and 0.211 m, respectively. Compared to the Robust Adaptive Kalman Filtering algorithm, the positional accuracy in the plane improved by 22.9% and 28.5%, respectively.