Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@NTMPThio-Cu: a sustainable and eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of heterocycle derivatives using a novel dendrimer template nanocatalyst

In this research, Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@NTMPThio-Cu was introduced as a novel and green heterogeneous nanocatalyst with a dendrimer template that is environmentally friendly and reusable based on Fe₃O₄@SiO₂. In this way, magnetic silica nanoparticles were first modified with cyanuric chloride, followed by melamine and thiosemicarbazide, and ultimately, it’s decorated with the cost-effective metal copper. The synthesized nanocatalyst was characterized by various analyses such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and EDX. The efficiency of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@NTMPThio-Cu was measured in one-pot synthesis of xanthene and spirooxindole-pyran derivatives under mild solvent-free conditions. High efficiency, excellent yield of products, mild reaction conditions, simple operation, no use of toxic organic solvents, and reusability of this catalyst increase the attractiveness of this technique for large-scale environmentally friendly operations.