Electrospun network based on polyacrylonitrile-polyphenyl/titanium oxide nanofibers for high-performance supercapacitor device

Nanofibers and mat-like polyacrylonitrile-polyphenyl/titanium oxide (PAN-Pph./TiO₂) with proper electrochemical properties were fabricated via a single-step electrospinning technique for supercapacitor application. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), thermogravimetry (TGA), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were conducted to characterize the morphological and chemical composition of all fabricated nanofibers. Furthermore, the electrochemical activity of the fabricated nanofibers for energy storage applications (supercapacitor) was probed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge–discharge (CD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The PAN-PPh./TiO₂ nanofiber electrode revealed a proper specific capacitance of 484 F g⁻¹ at a current density of 11.0 A g^–1 compared with PAN (198 F g⁻¹), and PAN-PPh. (352 F g⁻¹) nanofibers using the charge–discharge technique. Furthermore, the PAN-PPh./TiO₂ nanofiber electrode displayed a proper energy density of 16.8 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density (P) of 2749.1 Wkg⁻¹. Moreover, the PAN-PPh./TiO₂ nanofiber electrode has a low electrical resistance of 23.72 Ω, and outstanding cycling stability of 79.38% capacitance retention after 3000 cycles.