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<p>Amphibian genomes remain largely underrepresented in public databases due to their large size, high repeat content, and complex evolutionary history, leaving major phylogenetic and functional gaps across the clade. In this study, we present a high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly of the Chuannan short-legged toad (<i>Brachytarsophrys chuannanensis</i>), an ecologically and evolutionarily important species endemic to southwestern China. Using PacBio HiFi long reads, Illumina short reads, and Hi-C sequencing, we assembled a 2.9 Gb genome with 13 chromosome-scale scaffolds and annotated 26,143 protein-coding genes. Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) analysis recovered 94.5% complete orthologs, and 99.16% of HiFi reads mapped back to the assembly, indicating strong completeness and accuracy. Comparative synteny with related toads revealed conserved chromosomal architecture and lineage-specific rearrangements. This genomic resource provides a foundation for studies of amphibian evolution, organ energetics, and seasonal physiological adaptation.</p>

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Chromosome-level genome assembly of the Chuannan short-legged toad (Brachytarsophrys chuannanensis)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Yiming Wu,
  • Li Zhao,
  • Yunyun Lv,
  • Wenbo Liao

摘要

Amphibian genomes remain largely underrepresented in public databases due to their large size, high repeat content, and complex evolutionary history, leaving major phylogenetic and functional gaps across the clade. In this study, we present a high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly of the Chuannan short-legged toad (Brachytarsophrys chuannanensis), an ecologically and evolutionarily important species endemic to southwestern China. Using PacBio HiFi long reads, Illumina short reads, and Hi-C sequencing, we assembled a 2.9 Gb genome with 13 chromosome-scale scaffolds and annotated 26,143 protein-coding genes. Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) analysis recovered 94.5% complete orthologs, and 99.16% of HiFi reads mapped back to the assembly, indicating strong completeness and accuracy. Comparative synteny with related toads revealed conserved chromosomal architecture and lineage-specific rearrangements. This genomic resource provides a foundation for studies of amphibian evolution, organ energetics, and seasonal physiological adaptation.